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1 (1) 

Fra. Moore to Mr. Verelts 

Frederica June 9: 

Sir 

I am come up hither to carry some Cash and other things down to 
the General, who I expect to meet at Augustine I am sorry to tell you 
when I left him (which was on the 6th Instant at Fort Diego in Florida) 
he was ill, tho much better than he had teen for some time before. 

I must not omitt acquainting you that this day month the General 
landed on the Spanish shore and the next day marched about 16 miles 
along the Sea Beach, then Struck inland about 7 or 8 miles more, and 
there found a Fort called St. Diego, the next morning he began to attack 
it and the Enemy returned the fire very vigorously, so that they were 
most part of the next day firing at one another, The next morning the 
General sent a Spaniard (one of those before taken at St. Francis de 
Pupa, and of whom you have doubtless long since had a particular 
Account) with a Drum to Summon the Garrison, he acquainted them with the 
good usage he had met with from the English, and upon that they treated, 
and the Same day Surrender's the Fort and all beglonging to it to the 
General, in which were two Pieces of large Cannon, 9 Swivel Guns, 70 
Small Arms, 50 Prisoners and a good deal of Ammunition. The Troops and 
Indians feed plentifully upon fat Spanish beef, there being some thousand 
head about Fort Diego; to which place I am going in a day or two, And 
having a good many things to do first I hope you will excuse this short 
acct. how affairs go in this part of the World. (2) I cannot conclude 
without giving you my Opinion that the Kings Ships hereabouts are the 

 2 (2) 

least serviceable of any thing I know. I am credibly informed that some 
time ago (at the very juncture when the Strictest care was to have been 
taken to prevent any Succours going into Augustine from Cuba) our Men of 
War suffer'd 5 or 6 Galleys to pass into that place, whether it was 
through Negligence, or something else, I leave you to Judge, but if it 
is true, It is not impossible but on the other hand very probable, that 
those Galleys so got in, may be the occasion of our not being able to 
take that place. God forbid they should, but I ssy it is not impos 
sible. I should reasonably imagine that when it was of the utmost Con 
sequence to h?ve one Ship constantly Cruzing off Augustine, to prevent 
Succours going in there (which was what the General always said was the 
only thing he was afraid of) there would be care took to relieve each 
other off the said Port, but instead of that I hear, Captain Townshend 
had Orders to Cruize there for a certain time, not till he should be 
relieved, which time being expired, he returned to the General Rendezvous 
of Men of War_at Charles Town, and before another ship could go from 
thence to Augustine, the Galleys from Cuba came in there with 400 men 
and some Provisions. If it is true (and I believe it is) that the said 
Galleys are got in to the Enemy's Releif, we shall have a tough piece of 
Work to take it. When I come back from the Siege I will send you 
another Letter, in the mean time should be proud of a Line from you and 
must desire you (3) you to believe me to be 

Sir 

Your most obedient humble servant 
Fras. Moore 

 3 (3) 

P. S. 

We have had lately 2 Duels in Florida in one of them Mr. Eyles 
a Surgeon's Mate was killed, in the other Mr. Peter Grant Naval Officer 
had the same fate. 

Mr. Harman Verelst. 

(5) Mr. Geo. Whitfeild to Mr. Newman 

Savannah 20 June 1?40 

Dear Sir 

With great pleasure I can inform you of the Success and blessing 
that attends the People of Ebenezer. On Wednesday I return'd from 
thence much delighted with the decency, Order and Unanimity wherewith 
every thing seemed to be carryed on; Never did I see so much land culti 
vated in so short a time by such a small number of hands. Surely God 
has answerd their Prayers, has cast their lot at length in a fair 
ground, and given them a goodly heritage. For near 4 Miles together did 
I walk over fruitfull Plantations, aad in a short time I beleive their 
fields will stand so thick with wheat and other grain that they will 
laught and sing. Surely the Saltsburgers are en happy people, For I am 
perswaded that they have the Lord for their God. When I reflect on 
them, and the Inhabitants of the other parts of the Colony, it puts me 
in mind of the great difference God once made, when there was darkness 

amongst the Egyptians but light in the land of Goshen. 

/ 

I took Sweet Council with Mr. Boltzius and Mr. Gronau and have 

 4 (3) 

helped their Orphan House to the utmost of my power. As God shall 
enable me I will do more. For I am vdrily persvaded my money cannot 
veil be employ'd better. Yesterday I sent some Cotton to emplo^ their 
People in Spining and am Shortly to send them a Weavers Loom. They can 
now furnish themselves with food, and if assisted a little at first, may 
by the Blessing of God in a little while raise a manufactory for (6) 
Cloathing amongst themselves. I have Severall Spinners and one Weaver 
employ'd at Savannah and have now above a hundred yards of home Spun 
Cloth in the House, picking Cotton is an Excellent employment for my 
little Orphans. Blessed be God all things go on well. Since my arrival 
our Dear Lord Jesus has been pleased to manifest forth his Glory, and 
several of the Children are likely to be brought truly to beleive on 
him. A particular Acct. of our Oeconomy I purpose bringing with me when 
I come to England. God only knows when that will be. In the mean while 
I write this for the Satisfaction of the Gentlemen of the Society and to 
give them a proof of my being 

Dear Sir 

Yr. and their very humble 
Servant 

George Whitfield 
Fray my particular Love to 
Mr. Therold, Capt. Hudson, 
Mr. Ziegenhagen and Mr. Yernon. 

 5 (9) 

Copy of a Letter from Mr. John Martin Bolzius to Mr. Henry Newman, 
Dated at Ebenezer in Georgia 26th June 1?40. 

Dear Sir 

The Contents of your very kind Letter dated the 28th of October 
last have given us very great Satisfaction, being acquainted by You with 
the Continuance of your and the Honble. Society's great Favour towards 
us and our Flock. We beseech God to reward them abundantly for their 
hearty Wishes, Cares and real Favours, they have heaped upon us from the 
time of our Setting out from Europe, to this very moment; And doubt not 
but the mercifull God, who has given us Grace to see the Fruits of our 
Labour here, will let us have the Satisfaction to hear the Effects of 
Prayers and fax fervent Wishes, which we unanimously bring before the 
Throne of Grace for the Welfare of the Honble. Society and all our 
Benefactors. We enjoy now very good Health, in the Space of this Year 
nobody is buried at our Place, except a little Boy of 4 Years. There is 
now an exceeding good Prospect of a plentiful Harvest in the Fields of 
the Saltzburghers about the Town, as well as upon their respective 
Plantations, for which we have reason and Encouragement to give hearty 
Thanks to God, and to You a joyfull Account, being by your favour very 
much interested in our Settlement's Welfare. The seme good God, who 
gives us so many (10) Marks of his gracious Countenance over Us, and 
has delivered us from so many Dangers at Sea and Land, is able enough 
and graciously inclined by his Promises to assist us against all In 
vaders, or intended Invasions of our Temporal Enemies: Therefore 
depending in Faith and Confidence upon his Almighty Power, Wisdom and 
Mercy, we feel not the least fear of the present War within us,but are 

 in hopes to see a happy Issue of it for the establishing of our 
Security and Welfare in the Colony. His Excellency General Oglethorpe 
gives us many Testimonies of his undeserved Favours to us and our Flock, 
of which we reckon our Selves quite unworthy: If God would be pleased 
to give his Blessing to his great Expeditions, and grant a happy Issue 
of the War, he will do what lies in his Power to see our Settlement 
increased by a considerable Number of Saltzburghers or other Distressed 
Protestants, to share the Temporal and Spiritual Benefits we enjoy in 
this Corner of the Earth, by the good Providence of God; In which good 
Undertaking, we doubt not, he will have the Honble. Trustees Assistance. 
Our Saltzburghers are very glad to hear, that the Eonble. Trustees have 
been pleased to grant to them, as well as to other Settlers in the 
Colony, that the Lands and Improvements thereof shall descend not only 
to the Male Heirs, but to the Female too, which will prove a very great 
Encouragement (11) to their Industry. 

Our Doctor Mr. Thilo, being resolved to serve the Colony and our 
Place, not only through the Space of three Years, as are the Contents of 
his Agreement, but as many Years longer as the Eonble. Trustees and 
Society are inclined to make an Allowance of his and his Family's Main 
tenance; An Experienced Physician is necessarily required at our Place, 
and the Saltzburghers are for the present not able to maintain him, or 
to pay for Medecines; Therefore We beg the Favour of You to recommend 
to their Honours the Trustees and Society another Allowance, and if 
possible a little Salary or some Sort of Assitance, towards the Subsis- 
tance of Mr. Thilo, his Wife's and young Child's; which will be a Matter 
of great Satisfaction to us and our Friends in Europe. 

 7 (ID 

We add-no more, tut our most humble Respects to the very worthy 
Members of the Honble. Society, which you would be pleased to accept of 

Dear Sir &c. 

(13) . From our Camp on the sland of St. 

Annestaria before St. Augustine the 
30th of June 1?40. 

Sir 

I have just time to Acquaint You, that I, Genl. Oglethorpe and 
all his Officers and his Regiment are well, and that now ^ we are very 
Busy in Bombarding and Cannonading the Town and Castle of St. Augustine 
and have made our Approaches with our Cannon and Mortars within half a 
Mile of the Town and have done great Execution in Knocking down and 
Burning with our Shells part of the Town and Castle. And the Enemy 
fire upon us Day and Night from the Town, Castle, and their Galleys and 
Launches, Balls from 24, 18 and 9 Pounders, but as yet have done us 
little Damage only one of OT.tr Hen had both his Legs taken off with one 
of them. We are all very well Intrenched and are now going to Attack 
the Town and Castle. Genl. Oglethorpe is Marched with a strong Detach 
ment from off this Island to the Msln called Moucey or the Negroes Fort, 
to Attack the Town and Castle and to surround them and keep them in. 
The ^ remainder of our Forces with the Carolina Regiment Commanded by 
Colo. Vgnderdussen, Rfngers and Indians are to Attack on the left of the 
Town, and the Men of Wars Men to the amount of 200 are to Attack the 
Spanish Gallies in their Boats and Gallies, and by a Signal Given we all 

 8 (137) 

Storm at once; and. under God and in so just a War, we shall carry it. 
————— I am now Marching into our Trenches. 

Extract of a Letter from Captn. Norbury 
to Mr. Walter Hayter. 

(I?) A Scandalous letter reflecting on Col. Oglethorpe Suppose'd to be 
wrote by One Wrag of Charlestown 

Charles Town, South Carolina 
2 July 1740. 

Sir 

Our Expedition against St. Augustine h?th not been attended with 
the success that might have been expected; ell which is owing to the 
________„, who follows no advice, but pursues his own Intentions, 
which I leave to you and any impartial man to Judge by what follows. 
On the 12 of may he took Fort Diego, as he calls it, which in fact is a 
low Pen of that persons name, a.nd is within 25 miles of Augustine, where 
there was great plenty of Cattle, but he will not suffer our people to 
enjoy any part thereof. Sometime after our Forces took a Negroe Fort 
within two miles of Augustine town, but he marched back again to Fort 
Diego. Another time he took a march with 250 men to the Walls of the 
Town, and had twney men to drag a large Cannon so many miles as above 
mention'd. at day break our people were ready to enter the Town without 
opposition, when he called them off and marched back a.gain to Diego; and 
the men had to hau!). the heavy Piece of Cannon back again; and when they 

 9 (17) 

were got "back they were quite tired, and faint, as at this Season any 
men would be (18) under tetter Circumstances than those poor wretches 
were, who had not s.bove one Biscuit a Day for 3 °r 4 days Successive 
March: So that he seems only to harrass the men, without any Design of 
coming to Action. 

Another circumstance of 111 Conduct is as follows: He sent a 
Gentleman of this Country, one Col. Palmer, to take possession of the 
Negroe Fort aforemention'd. with 133 Men, whilst he himself staid at a 
place Six or Seven miles distant from it, and a Navigable Creek between 
them, in order to allarm the Spaniards, to use his own Expression. When 
the Colonel had been there 8 days, as he expected so it happened; how 
ever he would not quit his post, though he thought himself sent for a 
Sacrifice, and he lost his Life by it, for he was attacked before day 
break by above $00 Spaniards, and Indians; and tho the Gates of this 
Fort were destroyed when it was taken, and were not repaired again, our 
people Bade a Glorious defence, and Col. Palmer himself in particular, 
for he shot three men after they had entered the Fort, and then eat clspt 
his hand to his Breast, Said he was Shot, and Staggdr'd; upon which the 
Spaniard who shot him came up to him with a Club'd Musket to dispptch 

him, when the Colonel shortned his Gun, drew the Trigger and shot the 

(19) 

Fellow, and they both fell down dead by one another. /The Ensign 

received 18 Rjhafjr^ Stabs before he parted with his Colours, and even then 
with difficulty, tho he had but 30 men left. The Colonels Son, when he 
saw his Father dead, made his way from the Counter scrap through above 50 
Men, with only eight besides himself, ordering them to fire by two and 
two, end they opening to the right and Left he passed through them, con- 

 10 (l?) 

stantly firing, and under favour of the smoak, for it was not quite day: 
they then got to the River, and by good fortune they found a boat, in 
which they got over to the other side, and by that time they Saw above 
30 Indians in pursuit of them. 

This Acct. I had from the Colonels Son; and wherein ie the Con 
duct of the _______ to be justified? Should he not rather have sent 
another party (as he says these were sent to decoy and allarm the 
Spaniards) to Succour these men and cut off the Enemy's retreat? but 
this he did not do, but remained at the distance of 6 or Seven miles. 
Upon my word I have seen a great many Letters from persons of Note as 
well as private persons, and have had Conversation with some who have 
been there, and every one blames hie Conduct; and our V&Srpisrtpz Voluntiers 
are daily coming away, as they see there is no prospect of Succeeding 
under such Mad conduct as they call it. Our men of war have given ell 
the Assitance in their power, and Capt. Warren is the life and Spirit 
of the Cause; But as the Hurricane is now coming on, they must and will 
draw off, and (20) so must our troops, for they have but one month more 
to Stay by our Act by which they are enlisted; and the ___ ___. will 
be left to himself, and must retreat to Frederica, whereas he might as 
well have been in Augustine. He can't expect any more Assistance from 
this Country, for we have run our Selves to an Insupportable charge to 
defray this Expedition. Had he not been there, our own Forces with the 
men of Vfar's Assistance would have been Masters of the place before now; 
so that he will not acquire any Honour by this affair. I dont say this 
I assure you to aggravate any Circumstance, but I am very ^ sorry we are 
not likely to Succeed. His and our Forces are not above 1300 men 

 11 (20) 

exclusive of the men of War's Crews; and these are divided into four 
Bodies which is another Piece of ill Conduct. I could say a great deal 
more, tut am quite tired of dwelling on so disagreeable a Subject, and 
remain 

Sir 

Yours &c. 
P. S. July 4th. 

Yesterday arrived a Sloop from St. Augustine, in which came 
several Gentlemen of this Town, who all complain of the _____.'s ill 
(21) ill Conduct, and say his Actions have been such as shew that he had 
no design to take the Town; for he should have invested it at first, and 
then they might easily have taken it, and that would have effectually 
prevented any Supplies from the Havanna, which we hear they have lately 
had; and that the easterly Winds begin to set so strong, so that the 
men of War will be obliged to come away next week; and it is generally 
thought here that it will not be taken this Season, and this Country 
can't afford Supplies for another Expedition; and if the Governor dont 
send troops and a better officer. It must remain in their hands. This 
is what every one who comes from that place agree in, and there is a 
great Dissatisfaction between him and his Officers. 

(25) Capt. Hugh Mackay's letter upon Sight of Wrags Scandalous letter 
from Charlestown of 2 July, reflecting on Col. Oglethorpe. 

London 29th November 1?40 

 12 (25) 

Sir 

Upon seeing a Letter published in the daily post of Wednesday the 
26th Inst. Supposed to be from Charles Town, South Carolina., dat. 2 
July last, misrepresenting, in the most false and malicious manner, the 
late Expedition against St. Augustine; and hearing that before the 
publishing the said Letter it had been industriously sax handed about, 
and shewn at Coffee houses, aiming thereby to defame the Character of a 
Gentleman, whose unwearied endeavours for the publick Service has greatly 
impaired his health; and as I, who am a Captain in General Oglethorpes 
Regiment, was present, and acted upon that occasion as Brigade Major, 
and therefore must know the whole transactions, I think it my Duty to 
take the following notice of it. 

As to the Cow or Cow Pen he speaks of, it is a Square Fort with 
four Carriage Guns and four Swivel Guns, and had a Garrison in it of 
forty seven Soldiers of the Regular Troops, and Seven Negroes, who were 
all made Prisoners of War. The Cattle found there, and in parts adja 
cent, were equally distributed to the Kings Troops and the Carolina 
Regiment according to the returns each. 

In respect im of the Carolina Peoples being ready to enter the 
Town of Augustine without Opposition (26) it's entirely false and with 
out the least foundation. 

In regard to Colonel Palmers misfortune, who was killed in the 
first fire from the Spaniards, he brought it upon himself by disobeying 
the Orders he received, which positively enjoined his keeping in the 
woods, and avoiding Action, and by Acting contrary to the advice of the 
Officers under his command, some of whom were present when he received 

 13 (26) 

his Orders, and Lodging himself in the Negroe Fort Moose, where they 
were Surrounded and defeated; The Gates of which Fort, and the House 
within it, the Genera,! had before burnt. 

With respect to the Carolina Voluntiers, that they did go away is 
certain, without Leave given, or asked, and their Captain with them. A 
Captain of the Carolina Regiment who left his Command in the guard of 
the Trenches, without being relieved, or asking any leave, and went with 
them. After such behaviour what Credit can be given to such men, the 
termed persons of note? 

As to Captain Warren, whose name is mentioned to endeavour to 
throw an Odium elsewhere, I am convinced by the personal acquaintance I 
have with him, that he will upon all occasions, do his duty in the Ser 
vice of his King and country (2?) as also Captain Laws and Captain Town- 
shend, that were a Shore with him in this Service. 

The morning after we landed upon the Island of Anastatia I stood 
by while 6apt. Warren read to General Ogelthorpe a Letter to Captain 
Perse, the Commodore, acquainting him of our Landing without any loss, 
and the Spaniards withdrawing from th^t Island; in which Captain Warren 
said, That all that was now necessary to Secure the Reduction of the 
place, was the taking of the Spanish Galleys, which Undertaking he would 
himself head with the Kings Boats under the Cannon of the Fort, if he 
would give him leave. Several Councils of War were held on Board his 
Msjestys Ships by the Sea Captains, but Captain Warrens Proposition was 
not undertaken. 

Least malicious people should Suggest that I might be sent to 
England by Genl. Oglethorpe on this occasion, I solemnly declare, that I 

 14 (27) 

came at my own desire by his Leave, and had no Instructions from him, 
directly or indirectly, concerning this Affair; but my Regard to Truth, 
and Abhorrence of all false and malicious Reports whatsoever have in 
duced me to publish this, to which I set my Name. 

Hugh Hackay 

From my Lodgings in Johnson's Court 
Charing Cross, Nov. 29, 1?40 

(29) Extract of a Letter from Mr. Thomas Jenys to Mr. Matthew Brown; 
Dated at Charles Town 13th July 1?40. 

Sir 

Last Night I arrived here from the Camp which was formed against 
St. Augustine, the Siege of which pL°ce could not be carried on during 
the Hurricane Season, which sometimes begins in this month; So that the 
Fleet were not thought secure to lay there beyond the 5th Currt.; 
Though they did, in order to see our small Craft and Artillery secured, 
remain some days after. 

On the 5th I saw the Spaniards make a Sally out of the Castle to 
attack Genl. Oglethorpe, who was with about 250 Men about erne Mile of 
from the Land Side of the Castle. After the Spaniards had received 
two Plptoons by an advanced Party of about 50 Soldiers, they scour'd 
off; And I spw them run into the Castle with the utmost Precipitation. 
'Tis said, they were about 500 Men. We had only one Man slightly 
wounded, but can't say how many Spaniards fell. The Fire from the 
Castle and three Batterien were very hot. So much for the Siege. 

 13 (33) 

Account of the Augustine Expedition 
by Alexander Vanderdusen Esq. 

Coll. of the Carolina Regiment, employ'd in Seige of that Town: wrote to 
Lieut. Govr. Bull, and by him Sent to Sr. Charles Wager. 

At the Camp upon Anastasia 3. July 1?40. 

to the 14th do. 

Sir 

A great many transactions have happen'd here, of which it is 
impossible to give you/ a particular Acct. at present, for I am obliged 
to be every way, i& & have very little time to Spare. You will hear of 
a great many actions that will Seem to bear censure, and very much magni 
fied by Some to excuse their own cowardice, but none I am Sure that can 
be laid to my charge, and that I could prevent. 

May 31. 1?40 I was order'd to march to Augustine: The General march'd 
with 200 Men, & I with 250 Men, and arrived there in 2 days after our 
Setting out. We march'd into the Negroes Fort which they had abandon'd 
before. The Genl. went to reconnoitre the place, snd found it to be 
regular & Strong, with a great many new additions; and found it would be 
impracticable to attack it upon that Side, without our large Artillery, 
which we could not carry by land. But we observed that point Quartel 
which ly's to the North of the Bar, and Seperated from the Negroe ?ort by 
a Breach, would be very fit for a Battery, in order to Secure a comuni- 
cation with the Men of War. We went out in the day time, and Some of 
our Men took Some horses from under the Castle Walls, and at night the 

 16 (33) 

Genl, & i vent out with a Party of Men, & Some Drums, and allarm'd the 
Castle, and the next morning march'd "back to Diego with colours flying. 

The day after our arrival, I was order 'd to march, with whet 
number of Men I had then arrived, to take possession of Point Quartell, 
which I accordingly did, and arrived there the next morning. The Men of 
War did not perceive us 'till the Galleys "began to fire upon us, and 
then Sent off 3 of their barges, & 3 of their Lieuts. on Shoar, with a 
resolution of a Council of War they had held: and desired I would 
comunicate the Same to the Genl. A Copy of which you have here ss 
follows. 

At a Council of War, held on boprd his Majtys. Ship Flamborow 

3 

off the Bar of St. Augustine this 3th day of June 1?40. Present, 

Capt. Vincent Pearse, Sr. Yelverton Peyton Bart. Capt. Peter Warring, 

Capt. Cha. Fanshaw, & Capt. Willm. Laws; 

Genl. Oglethorpe having desired to know the xamgaxsi longest 
time his Majesties Ships can Stay upon this Coast, the opinion 
of the Council was demanded thereupon: and having examined 
the Pylots of all his Majesties Ships here, 
This is our unanimous opinions, We cannot Stay longer here 
than the 3th of July next, without running the utmost hazards 
of his Majesties Ships going on Shoar: But in case the Easterly 
winds Should Set in Sooner, we must depart. 

Then the next question was put, 

What further Service we could do, towards the Reduction of St. 
Augustine. 
It is agreed by the Council, that if Genl. Oglethorpe beseiges 

 17 (35) 

the Fortress of Augustine, and will Spare 200 of his own Regi 
ment at least; That the Men of War will land 200 Men more to 
attack & take possession of the Island Bustatia, which appears 
to be absolutly necessary towards the reduction of St. Augustine, 
as it will cut off comunicstion by Sea: which will answer the 
End of the Ships, till the Season of the year will admit of 
their returning on that Service. 

Given under our hands on board his Majestie's Ship Flamborow 
Off the Bar of Augustine this 5 of June 1?40. Sign'd 
Vincent Pearse, Yelverton Peyton, Cha. Fanshaw. 

The next day, the Comadore Sent me a letter acquainting me, that he had 
Sent Capt. Townsend & Capt. Laws to the PaJLmettp hut,ts. which is a 
^ Place about 50 miles to the Northward of Said Point Quar tell., to 
take on board the Genl. and his troops, in order to land them on the 
Isld. Anastatia. I received a letter that morning from the Genl. 
wherein he told me he was going to embark 200 of his Men, and 200 
Indians, which I dissapproved of for the Same reasons I had before Sent 
to the Comadore, a. part of which letter, So far as it concernes this 
affair is as follows: 
Sir, 

The Genl. does not Say any thing to me of his going to 
embark on board your Ships, which if put in execution, I take 
to be a very great disservice; For it will leave the Galleys 
Masters of the harbour, to Stop all comunication but that by 
Sea, which is very uncertain. But if my opinion was to be 
follow'd, which is Lt. Col. Cook's also, I would (3?) have all 

 18 (37) 

our guns and other Implements of War landed at this Point, or 
at least as many as Shall be found necessary, and then raise 
our Batteries, which will make us Masters of the Harbour, and 
then we may pass over at our pleasure with our boats & yours to 
assist them, when we cross with part of our Men to Secure the 
Mantassas.. leaving Col. Coot here with the rest to manage the 
Batteries, & Secure to our Selves in the Same manner a passage 
to the Town, without being hurt by the Galleys; by which being 
harrass'd on all Sides without having it in their power to help 
themselves, or hurt us. 

Four days after, the Genl. landed on the Said Island with 200 
of his Men, 200 Sailors, & 200 Indians. The Spaniards had 
abandon'd it before their arrival, and drove off all their 
Cattel. Col. Cook (who was just arrived with a. few Men & one 
of his Mortars) & I, planted 3 guns & a mortar upon the Point. 
without a bed to the mortar, for that they had landed with 
Several of the guns upon the Island. We hove that day the first 
Shell which broke even in the Castle, and with our Small guns 
(without carriages) we kept off the galleys. The next day I Saw 
the Scooner, and a gres.t many Small Vessels come within the Bar; 
I took a Small Canoe, and went over, and found the Genl. with 
Capt. Warring, Mr. Rutledge, Capt. Wright, and a great many 
other Gentlemen about him, and found they had form'd a Council, 
in which it was agreed that that Island was the only proper 
place to plant the Guns & Mortars upon, and found that all that 
I and Col. Cook had offer'd, was taken no notice of; And I was 

 19 07) 

ordered over with part of the Regiment. Col. Palmer with his 
Son, and ?0 Highlanders & Uchee Indians, had been Sent to the 
Negroe Fort to keep the Spaniards in on that Side. Col. Palmer 
& his Son who was Capt. of the Rangers, had 80 3s p_ month, 
besides f ^ Share for every hxa horse they catch'd, which 
encouragement made them Spend most of their time in catching 
horses; which the Spaniards having information of, Sent out 
their Negroes & Foresadoes, & a Party of horse, in all about 350 
Men, and Surprized them a little before the break of day. There 
were about 20 of ours kill'd, and 10 taken prisoners, the rest 
made their escape, and most of them came down to the River gide, 
and I went to bring them over, So that you may guesse the Spani 
ards did not make the most of the Victory, else none of our 
people would have escaped: it was agreed upon, there was as 
many Spaniards as English kill'd. This misfortune, tho by their 
own neglect, has Struck Such a panick (3$) fear among our people, 
both Officers and Soldiers, that they feign them Selves Sick, 
and are plaguing me every day for leave to go home. 

After my arrival in the Island, it was agreed that the 
Genl. with all his Men and Indians should go over to the Negroe 
Fort in order to allarm the Spaniards upon the back of the 
Towns & deserts, while I with my boats, in conjunction with 
the Men of Mar, was to attack the Galleys, and afterwards attempt 
landing in the town, where the Genl. was to meet me; Upon which 
resolution, the Genl. went over with all his Men. 

I then proposed an attack upon the Galleys, but the 

 20 (39) 

Gentlemen of the Men of War, made So many difficulties, that I found 
the thing would not So easily be carryed on, as it had been talked of. 
I offered to undertake it my Self, if they would lend me their boats & 
comand Some of their Men, which they would not. I then proposed that 
Cspt. Terrell who had offer'd his Service Should comand the % Attack, 
was agreed to, but when Capt. Warren went on board the Comadore, he 
disliked of it, and Said he was Surprized a thing of Such consequence 
Should be agreed upon, without his knowledge. I went on board the 
Comadore with Capt. Warrin, and argued the necessity of attacking the 
Galleys, and that the difficulty was not So great, as they imagined: 
Upon which it was again agreed to put the thing in execution, and that 
the Comodore's Lieut. Should go and take the Comand. But when these 
Gentlemen came on Shoar, new difficulties were Staited, and Capt. 
Warrin desired me to acquaint the Comadore what assistance I could give 
towards destroying the Galleys, which I did by letter, as follows: 
June 25. 1740 
Sir, 

Capt. Warrin told me it would be proper to acquaint you what 
boats & Forces I proposed, for destroying those Galleys: I 
have therefore Sent you an account of the Same as follows: 
viz. Two boats of 10 Oars, 

1 of 14, 

2 of 8, 

& 8 of 6 each: besides Several Canoes of large Size, on 
board which I Shall put 100 Men that are used to boats, with 
proper officers to comand them. I Shall line all the River with 

 21 (39) 

the best of my Regiment, and as the Channel runs close under this 
Shear, the boats will be cover'd by us. I went all along the 
River Side last night, and Saw the Situation of the Galleys, and 
therefore I am very certain it must be attended by Success, & 
wth. as little danger any thing of that nature can possibly be 
(41) To which I received the following Answer, 
Sir, 

I have the favour of yours by Capt. Warren, and Shall be 
glad to do any thing in ny power to effect what your propose: 
But as the case is circumstanced, I am afraid the Affair is too 
hazardous for us to undertake, as you will perceive by the 
""Resolutions of the Council of War yesterday, which I have 
desired Capt. Warrin to comunicate to you. I have Sent by him 
a list of the boats belonging to us, and the number of Men they 
ought to carry to be fit for Action; and by that I believe you 
will think the Strength we can muster between us, will not be 
able to carry the project proposed in execution, with any hopes 
of Success. 

However to Shew my Inclination for his Majestie's Service on 
this occasion, I am ready to leave it to the mature deliberation 
of the Gentlemen on our Service & yours on Shoar: But as a 
failure of Such an attempt must be of the maac worst consequence, 
both to the Ships, and your troops, and the Colony of Carolina, 
who is chiefly interested in this Undertaking, I hope yours & 
their prudence will lead you to undertake nothing, but where 
there is a probability of Success. 

 22 (41) 

This, under the circumstances we are in, in regard to the dif 
ference of our force, and the passing So near (as I am inform'd 
by the Pilots) to the fire of their Canon & muketry from the 
Castle and town, before they can come at the Galleys, makes the 
Success So doubtfull, as it requires the most mature delibera 
tion before it is put in execution. Our Ships, from the assis 
tance already given, are So reduced as to Men, that they are in 
capable of the Service, the Ships of War are intended for. 

Vincent Pearse 

Upon this, We had a Council of War in my Tent: the Resolution of which 
you have in the following letter to the Comodore.^ 

But before this resolution was put in execution, I received the Result 
of that Council of War held on board the Commodore, as follows, 
* Sir, 

Under the present difficulties, it is thought impracti 
cable to attack the Galleys as proposed: with which I have 
acquainted the Genl. by the letters of this dsys date. 

Vincent Pearse 

Upon which I went on board the Comodore with Capt. Warrin, & found there 
all the 7 Captns., Capt. Fanshaw being just arrived from the Musquetoes 
(43) who told us he had Seen a large Sloop, 2 Scooners, and Some launches 
which were arrived here with provisions: which are the Same Vessels 
wch. we had been inform'd of by Deserters. The weether look'd very 
Suspicious: They told me they would be obliged to Slip their Cables, & 
could give me no further assistance. Upon which I went down, and wrote 
a letter, and deliver*d it to the Comodore, of which a Copy is as follows: 

 23 (43) 

Sir 

I received the honour of yours the 25th inst. where you 
recomend the consideration of an attack upon the Galleys, to the 
Gentlemen of your Service & ours on Shear. 

a. On which we had a conference in my Tent, Where were present 
Capt. Warrin, 
Capt. Laws 
Capt. Townsend, 

Col. Cook, & my Self: and it was agreed We Should attack the 
Galleys with our bopts, provided there was water enough in the 
Swashes for our boats to pass; which Said Resolution was Sent on 
board to you. 

I have Since been inform'd by Capt. Tirrell who went to Sound 
last night at half Tide, that he found 4 foot upon the Nth. end 
on the South end of the Said Swash 6 foot: which is enough for 
any of the boats, which are to be employed in the Said Enter- 
prize. 

I have this morning received the honour of yours, dat. 26. 
Wherein you tell me that the Resolution of the Council of War 
held on board you, was that under the present circumstances, it 
was thought impracticable to attack the Galleys as proposed, But 
the reason of those new difficulties has not been comunicated to 
me. I must therefore take the liberty to acquaint you, that I 
would never have proposed an attack upon the Galleys, by boats 
and to go round under the Castle, if the thing had not appear'd 
to me, and all other persons who have had an opportunity to See the 

 24 (43) 

p3-ace and Situation of the Galleys to be practicable, & attended 
with the greatest probability of Success, and with as little 
danger as things of that nature are lyable to; However, I must 
leave this to your consideration. 

You are now to consider the Situation we Shall be left in when 
the time comes you are to go away. I Shall be left on a large 
Island, where the Enemy can land upon us from all parts, if those 
Galleys are left in their possession, and they may (45) cut/! off 
all Comunication between the Genl. & me. If a N.W. Wind blows, 
all our Craft must go on Shoar, & is ly&ble to be attack'd by 
them, my Force not being able to defend both Ends of the Island. 
If I Send my Craft round to the Matansas, which is the best & 
only piece, I must follow with ell my Forces, in order to defend 
my Self and them, and So leave this Side open to the Enemies, 
and the Barr for any embarkations, Either to go in or out: And 
it is impossible for me to transport the Artillery, which must 
fall a Prey to the Enemy: But must leave this also to your con 
sideration. 

You are too well acquainted with the fatal consequence must fol 
low from our being defeated upon the Province of S. Carolina, & 
therefore needless for me to repeat. I Shall only give my 
opinion in duty to my Country, and those under my coma.nd who must 
be left behind, if the Galleys are not to be attack'd, as Sup 
posed impracticable by your last Resolutions: I Should think 
that the only thing left at present, and you will be judge 
whether it may be put in execution, is that One or both of his 

 23 (43) 

Majestys Sloops might be lightened, and go in over the Barr of 
Me.tenss.s, which will Secure that Side, and I think my Self Strong 
enoagh to defend that. The Genl. with his troops upon their backs 
will keep them in a close blockade, and must Soon reduce them to 
Surrender. But Suppose they Should hold out longer than might 
reasonably be expected, We Shall hinder all comunication, and 
may Send to Carolina, or any of the Neighbouring Colonies for a 
greater Supply of Men & other Necessaries. I am &c. 

Alexr. Vanderdusen 

Upon consideration of this, They came to another Resolution, as follows: 
It is resolv'd by the Council, that the 2 Men of War Sloops, 
Shall if possible be got into the Mattansas, well man'd pud 
armed, for the protection of the Forces left on the Island of 
St. Ustatia; and this is all the Assistance can be given from 
his Majesty's Ships. 
Dated on board the Siamhxza Flamborow off the Barr of Augustine 

Vincent Pearse. 

The Wind increasing, I got into a Small boat, & came towards the Shear, 
and they Slip'd their cables and made off to Ses. At their return, they 
Sent a Shear the following letter, being a copy of what they had Sent to 
the Genl., the Substance of which is contained in the following letter 
which I wrote to the Genl. 
Sir, 

I have received a Copy of the Resolution of the last 
Council (4?) of War held on board the Flamborow, founded on a 
Report made to them by the Pylots who went to Sound the Matensas, 

 26 (4?) 

which Report makes it impracticable to carry in those Men of 
War Sloops proposed; And other part of the Resolutions, if put 
in practice, will put it out of their power to go on with the 
Seige, it not being in my power to maintain this Island, nor can 
I get my Men off if I were order'd so to do, and in particular 
the Artillery which are ashoar here; And in my opinion there is 
no other way to maintain our Conquest, but by Securing the 
Matansas and this Island, which I think may be done and to as 
good purpose, as if the Men of War could have gone in. 

The way I should have proposed, is to Send the Carolina 
Scooner, and all the other Craft into the Matansas. and to make 
a Battery on the Bluff opposite to the Mouth of the River St. 
Sebastian, which I mentioned to your Excellency yesterday, which 
Battery will keep the Galleys from moving any further to the 
Southward, & the Battery on the beach will keep them from going 
on the Barr, So that we Shall block them up in a place where they 
can be of no use, and hinder all the comunic?tion from the South 
ward: But as this is not in my power without assistance, I would 
advise application to be made to the Comodore for these 200 Men 
belonging to the Fleet, to be left ashoar with proper Officers to 
comand them, and they would maintain 1 of the batterys, till the 
hurricane months be over, & the fleet return to our assistance. 

We were inform'd this night that one of the loaden 
with provisions was coming through the Matansas, and that the 
rest were coming. At night I took the Company of Granadiers & 
march'd to the Narrowes between this Island and the Main, to See 

 2? (4?) 

if I could discover any of them coming through: At break of day 
I Saw three launches & a Sloop with a flag at the Mast head, 
lying just by the place where we were. I march'd towards them, 
but the Galleys perceiving us, came directly to their assistance, 
and obliged me to retire having no great guns to Support us: So 
that 7 Men of War had not been able to hinder them from coming 
in, tho they Saw them at the Musquitoes. I am &c. 

Alex. Vanderdusen. 

The Genl. receiving my letter, wrote to the Comodore as follows: 
Sir, 

By a Report of the Officers of the Land Forces under my comand, 
whom I have Spoke to, I find from Col. Vanderdusen, that not 
withstanding the dissappointment of the Men of War's Sloops not 
being able to be carryed into the Matansas (49) Be with his 
Forces will undertake to make a Battery on the Bluff opposite to 
the mouth of the River St. Sebastian, which will keep the 
Galleys from moving any further to the Southward, And the Battery 
on the beach will keep them from going to the Barr, which will 
block them up So as to be of no use; But he can Man 1 of the 
Batteries only, and cannot do this, unless I keep the main, and 
comunicste with him from the South. He therefore desires me to 
apply to the Commodore for the 200 Men Caere belonging to the 
Fleet, to be left ashoar with proper Officers to comand them, & 
they would maintain One of the Batteries till the Hurrica.ne 
months be over, and the Fleet return to our assistance, and that 
One of the Men of War may remain at Frederica. 

 28 (49) 

If nothing can be done to Secure the Conquest of this Island, the 
naxt thing to be done is to Secure the Artillery & the Troops. 
By this days return, upwards of 50 Men are Sick, & unfit for 
Service of my Regiment, and Others do not fare better; it is 
impossible without assistance to carry off the Artillery: if 
that were once Safe, I would vith the Land Forces & Indians keep 
the Main and the Town blockaded, till I hear what Supply's may 
probably come; But Sickness among us, Succours thrown into the 
Place by the Information you Sent me by Capt. Fanshaw, and 
besides, the half Galleys, makes it necessary for me to lay 
before you, what you may do, if they Should follow and fall on 
St. Andrews, Frederica, and all the Sea Settlements of Carolina, 
while the Garison of Georgia, and Strength of Carolina are 
engaged here. 

I desire therefore you would think of protecting St. John's, or 
at least Frederick, where Ships may come into Jekyl Sound, and 
talce Such other measures proper to preserve the Artillery of the 
Sea Const. 

Ja. Oglethorpe 

The Answer Capt. Pearse made to this letter was, 
Sir, 

I had the favour of yours last night by Capt. Warren this 
morning. I call'd a Council of War upon it, the Result of which 
I here enclose to you, and agreable to it, Shall to morrow morn 
ing embark the Seamen, and Sail, according to the former Resolu 
tion of the Council of War. I Shall according to your desire 

 29 (49) 

order One of the Men of War to Jekyl Sound. I'me Sorry the (31) 

Season of the year will not permit my longer Stey. 

3 July 1740 Vincent Pearse 

Upon receipt of this letter, the Genl. wrote the following letter to 

Col. Cook and me, 
Sir, 

I Send you the finpl result of the Sea: I find you 
cannot make good the Artillery and the Island, Persuade them 
to assist in embarking it. What cannot be preserved must be 
destroyed, and the Men and Craft preserved. You may either Send 
them to St. Johns, elsewhere, or here as you think proper. 

Ja. Oglethorpe. 

On the perusal of which, I Sent the following letter. 
Sir, 

Col. Cook Shew'd me a Small paper, wherein your Excel 
lency desired him and me, if we could get no assistance from the 
Ships of War, and. could not bring off all the Artillery to 
destroy the remainder of them. As to Artillery, Col. Cook has 
the charge of them, I Shall leave that entirely to him, & give 
him what assistance I can. You desire us to preserve the Men 
and Craft, and Send them to St. Johns or elsewhere, which will 
not be So easily done with Row boats: I have not a Sufficient 
number of them, for you have my principal Row boat, and Some of 
the Row boats ly at the Point. 

But as I cannot apprehend our case So bad, as to lepve our 
affairs in Such a manner, for if nothing else can be done, I am 

 30 (31) 

Sure if your Excellency come over to this Island, we may Still 
keep them blockaded 'till we get more assistance. If we make a 
Battery on the Bluff, the galleys will be kept in, s,nd we may at 
all times Send Party's of Indians over to the Main and harrass 
them there, and we can Send all our Craft into the Matansas, 
where you will be Spfe, and mey Send more provisions from time to 
time, as we may have occasion. Your Excellency Said you was to 
Send, for Walkers Scooner by Mr. Jenys, which if done, and She 
arrives with Men, I am Sure we could destroy the Galleys, without 
the assistance of Men of War. Your Excellency will excuse Die in 
giving (53) my opinion, as our miscarriages will be of the 
greatest consequence to the Province I have the honour to be 
Sent by, I think it ny duty to offer a.ny thing I think may Save 
us from the last extremity, But must leave that to your Excel 
lency's Superiour Judgment: And therefore desire to have positive 
Orders from your Excellency, how I am to Act, and Shall t^ke 
care to put them in execution to the utmost of my power, & in 
the mean time remain <&c. 

Alex. Vanderdusen 
In answer to which, the Genl. Sent me the following Answer: 

Lieut. Col. Cook, and Col. Vanderdusen, to rsise the Blockade 
from the Island Anastatia, and carry off the Train & Troops with 
the loss you cant prevent: But to Spoyl rather than le??ve the 
Artillery; And this Shall be your Authority for So doing. 
July 14. 1?40. Ja. Oglethorpe 
Mr. Jenys tells me that a great many Stories have been told of a 

 31 (33) 

difference between the Genl. & me, which made us draw different ways, & 
neglect the Main: but they are all false; tho I have not always approved 
of his conduct, yet, as my Instructions order me to follow his direction, 
I took care, what ever mismanagement there was, he Should not have it in 
his power to Say, that it was caused by the Carolina Colonel s disputing 
his Orders. But what Motive he has at present to leave the Blockade is 
above my Understanding, for I will affirm, that the Same Forces we have 
at present, without the Assistance of the Seamen, a.nd in the Situation 
we are now, that is, having a Battery on the Bluff I mentian'd to the 
Comodore, with the Battery we have on the N. Point of the Island, would 
keep Such a Blockade both by land & Sea, that it would not be in their 
power to have the least comunication: and in the Same time would put my 
people in Such a way, that they would have nothing to fear, unless it 
were an attack of an Enemy upon our Works, where they must certainly come 
off with the loss if they made Such an attempt. But He comancs. 

I shall desire nothing from your Honour at present, till I know 
what is to be done, which to my grief is nothing: for I see the Genl. 
wants to be gone: and in the mean time remains amidst all our Misfor 
tunes. 

Yr. Honours most humbe. Servt. 
Alex. Vanderdusen. 

(59) Copy of Genl. Oglethorpes to Col. Cecil dat. 19 July 1?40 

You have heard tnat I had Orders to attack Augustine, and the 
Province of Carolina gave all the assistance they could. The Castle is 

 32 (59) 

built with stone, 4 Bastions, a good wet Ditch. The Town in Jany. last 
had only a small Entrenchment round it, the Garrison consisted of 8 
Companys from Old Spain, their Establishment 50 Each, but so many non 
Effectives that they remain but 280 Effectives. 3 Companys of Old 
Troops 100 by Establishment and not 40 Effectives, 1 of Artillery 
100 by Establishment and 43 Effectives, ^ a Troop of horse 100 by 
Establishment and 45 Effectives. 140 Transports for working besides 
Slaves Inhabitants and Indians. 

I therefore purposed that as the Town was scarce of Provisions, 
the Entrenchment weak, the Garrison not Compleat, We should immediately 
attack or at least Invest it close by Sea and Land, and that the Seige 
should be begun in March at furtherst; For if we delayd, Succours would 
come from the Eavainah, they would fill up their non Effectives and 
fortify the Town; which if they could defend Bombardment would be of 
little Consequence, and the hot weather would cone on before we could 
force the place. 

Notwithstanding all I could do It was June before the Troops 
came to the Rendezvous, Succours got in from Cuba, the Governor forti- 
fyed the Town, Freed their Transport Slaves, and Compleated the 
Garrison with them. 

We battered and Bombarded the Place with little Effect, the 
weather forced the Men of War to leave us on the 3th July, as the hot 
weater (60) did the Indians; Sickness came among our Men and we were 
obliged to raise the Seige fs I foretold. However we brought of every 
thing and still keep the Field in Florida, hoping for Succours. 

 33 

Col. Oglethorpe to the Trustees Reed. 3! Octbr. 

Camp on St. Johns in Florida 
l9Julyl?40 

Gentlemen 

I acquainted you with my taking the Fort of St. Francis Picolata 
and St. Diego, and about Eighty Prisoners from the Spaniards, and also 
of Several Indians joining us, and that the Assembly of Carolina had 
voted an assistance, of one Regiment &c. for besieging St. Augustine, 
but it was so late before they got all things ready that the month of 
May was come in before we got to the Rendezous, whereas we ought to 
have taken the Field at farthest in March. I undertook the Siege 
because St. Augustine in January was Scarce of Food, the Castle had no 
Coverd way, the Entrenchments round the Coverd way was weak, and if the 
Town was taken, and the People drove into the Castle, a Bombardment 
would soon oblige them to Surrender for want of Room. The Troops of the 
Garrison were not Compleat, and a great number of Transport Pioneers 
were in the Place cki desirous to desert; I then laid it down that they 
should take the Advantage of the Circumstance and immediately invest the 
Town or at least Stop up their Communications by Sea, which if they did 
not, Succours would come from the Havannah, they would Fortify the Town, 
and a Bombardment would be of little service since the Inhabitants would 
have large Room to avoid it, and the season of the year would oblige the 
men of War to go off the Coast, and the Troops to retire from the heats, 
or perish with Sickness; After I had left Charles Town, and before we 
could invest the Place, the half Gallys (64) got in from Cuba, we had 

 34 (64) 

no Pioneers to open trenches, no Engineers, but Coll. Cook, and Mr. 
Mace, no Bombardeers nor Gunner that understood the service, and no 
Sufficient train. 

After April the Spaniards pardoned the Transports end Compleated 
the Garrison with them and Entrenched the Town Strongly towards the 
Land. However I agreed with the Commodore that if they would attack 
the half gallys, and the Carolina Regiment Attack the Side of the Town, 
I would Storm the Entrenchment by Land. 

The fleet Landed two hundred men, with the Captns. Warren, Laws, 
and Townshend, on the Island St. Anastatia, and gave the utmost assis 
tance in putting the few Guns and Mortars that we had into Battery. We 
Summoned the Governour who refused to surrender, We Cannonaded and 
Bombarded the Town for above twenty dsys. -^he Commodore acquainted me 
upon mature Examination, the Council of War found it impracticable to 
attack the half Gallies, and that on the 3th July they must be obliged 
to retire into Harbour for fear of Hurricane Storms. The Indians also 
acquainted me that the heat and heavy Rains, would be unhealthy to keep 
the field and Resolved to return home. 

About the same time Cept. Fanshaw who was Crusing off the 
Metsnza's which is the Southern Enterance of Augustine, and the Mus- 
quetoes, acquainted the Commodore that there were 7 Vessels loaded with 
Provisions Ac. got into the Musquetoes, and that he could not get at 
them, Soon after that they got most of their Provisions into St. 
Augustine. 

It being impossible to Continue the Siege I prevailed with the 
men of War to Stay some days longer, and Orderd Coll. Cook and Coll. 

 35 (64) 

Van Dussen, to Embajrk with the Train, Ammunition, Troops &c, (65) on 
Board the Vessels (they being on the Island) which they did, and sent 
them into this River. 

The Spaniards made a Sally on me (withj% about 500 Men) who lay on 
the land Side, I orderd Ensign Cathcart, with 20 Men, Supported by Major 
Hern and Capt. Desbrisay with upwards of one hundred men to Attack them, 
I followed with the Body. We drove them into the Works and pursued them 
to the very Barriers of the Coverd way. After the Train and Provision 
were Embarked and Safe out of the Harbour, I marched with Drums beating, 
Colours flying in the day from my Camp near the Town to a Sm Camp three 
miles distance, where I lay that night, The next day I marched nine 
miles, where I encamped that night. We discoverd a Party of Spanish 
horse Indians, whom we charged took one Spanish horseman, killed two 
Indians, the Rest run into Garrison. 

I am now Encamped on St. Johns River waiting to know what the 
People of Carolina would desire me farther to do, for the Safety of the 
Provinces, which I think are very much exposed to the half tallies with 
a wide Extended frontiere hardly to be defended by a few Men. I am 

Gentlemen 

Your most obedient 
humble Servant 

James Oglethorpe 

 36 (67) 

Extract of a Letter from on Board his Majestys Ship the Hector, in 
Hampton Road Virginia dated 24. July l?4o. 

The following in the Acct. of our Cruize to Augustine. We 
sailed from Cape Henry the 12 April, touched at South Carolina, and 
proceeded to Augustine. June 1st. The North-America stationed Ships, 
Viz. the Flamborough, Capt. Pearse; the Phoenix, Capt. Fanshew; the 
Tarter Cspt. Towshend; and the Squirrel, Cept. ^arren, of 20 &uns; and 
the Spence Sloop, Capt. Lavs; and the Uolf, Capt.Dandridge, joined us. 
On the 2d. Col. Vander Dusson, with 300 Carolina RarTrAtTT Soldiers, 
appeard. to the North of the Town. On the 9th General Ogelthorpe came, 
with about 300 Soldiers, and about 300 Indians, by Sea, from the south 
parts of Georgia. On the 10th. all the Men of Wars boats mand and 
armed, carry'd them a shore, under the Cover of the Small Ships Guns, 
they Landed on the Island Ann&statia, without opposition, and took the 
look out belonging to the Spaniards. On the 13th Capt. Warren vent in 
the schooner taken by the Shoreham off Cuba, and other Armed Sloops 
and Pettysugers, into their Harbour, Just out of Cannon reach, and 
there anchor'd till the 26th. when the Sailors were employ'd in Landing 
Ordnance and other Stores, within reach of the Enemy's Cannon at Noon 
day. The Boldness which the British Seamen discoverd on that occasion 
was Surprising; for when the Spaniards fired, they'd bob and Scramble 
for the Shot as Children do for applies. The seme Night two Batteries 
were raised, one of four Eighteen pounders and one large Mortar, which 
play'd with 20 Cohorns; but in my Opinion (for I was then a Shore) they 
were all too far distant to do any serviceable Execution. (68) The 
2?th. the General summon'd the Spanish Govr. to surrender, who sent him 

 37 (68) 

word, he should be glad to shake hands with him in his Castle. This 
haughty Answer was occasioned from a dear bought Victory, which 300 
Spaniards had obtained against 80 Highlanders, who were Surprised in 
their Sleep, and as two Deserters informed us, 50 of these latter were 
Slain, but died like Heroes, killing at lesst three times more than 
their number, but at last were over powerd. The Shipping Cost but one 
man, belonging to the Wolf, who was shot tssiiyYTrMHrg* by a Cannon. On 
the 29th. the weather proving bad, obliged the men of War to cut and 
put to Sea. Two days before, the General with his Soldiers and 
Indians, pass'd a River, to be nearer the Town; but as we were obliged 
to make the best of our way to our Station, I cannot relate his farther 

proceedings. The Flamborough arrived 3 days after us at Virginia, who 

v^-j 
informed us, that the day the Sailed the General was perceived to 

cause the Spaniards who made two Great Sallies, to retreat both times 
to the Castle with precipitation. St. Augustine is Situated by nature 
very Strong, because of Shallow waters ag about it; in which they had 
Row Gallies of Force, under the Commend of the Castle Guns, and no Ship 
of Force can come within 3 leagues of either Town or Castle. 

(71) 26 July 1?40 

To the Kings most Excellent Majesty 

The humble Petition and Representation of the Council and Assembly of 
your Majesty's Province of South Carolina upon the Present State of the 
said Province. 

 38 (7D 

Most Gracious Sovereign 

We your Majestys most dutiful and loyal Subjects the Members of 
your Majestys Council and the Members of the Commons House of Assembly 
of this your Majestys Province of South Carolina, now met together in 
General Assembly to take under Consideration the dangerous Situation 
in which the Province now is. Most humbly beg leave to Represent to 
your Majesty, That it is with the utmost grief and Concern, We find 
this Province greetly reduced ?n.d weakned by a Series of Calamitys and 
Misfortunes which have attended it for some time past. The Small Pox 
in the year 1738, Succeeded by a Pestilential Fever in the year 1739, 
whereby Numbers who had escaped the first were carried of by the last; 
That again Succeeded by an Insurrection of our Slaves in which many of 
the Inhabitants were Murderd in a barbarous and Cruel manner, and that 
no sooner queld than another projected in Charles Town, and a third 
lately in the very (72) heart of the Settlements but happily discoverd 
time enough to be prevented. 

Wrestling with difficulties at home We See our selves at the 
same time exposed to dangers from abroad: To Enemies very near, and by 
far too numerous and Powerfull for us, and that the many Succours which 
your Majesty has been graciously pleased from time to time to give us, 
and whot we weak as we are, have been sble to do for our Selves come 
far short of your Majesty*s Royal Intention and our Expectations from 
thence. 

It is with great Reason we apprehend, that part of our Calamitys 
proceeding from the frequent attempts of our Slaves arrises from the 
designs and intrigues of our Enemies the Spaniards in St. Augustine and 

 39 (72) 

Florida; who have had the ruin and destruction of these your Majestys 
Colonies of South Carolina and Georgia long in View. Witness the great 
preparations made at the Havannah snd St. Augustine about 3 years ago, 
for a Powerfull Desent on these Provinces, and Since that, in time of 
profound Peace also a Proclamation published at St. Augustine in his 
Catholick Majestys Name, promising freedom and other Encouragement to 
all Slaves thut should desert from your Majestys Subjects of this 
Province and join them. In Consequence of which Proclamation many have 
already deserted, and others encouraged daily to do the Same; and even 
those who have Committed the most Inhuman Murders, ere there harbour'd, 
entertained and caressed; Such, may it please your Majesty was the 
Situation of this Province (73) when General Oglethorpe applied to us, 
to Assist your Majestys forces in attacking St. Augustine, Induced by 
the Assurances we had from that General, and the Commodore of your 
Majestys Ships of War met together in the Harbour of Charles Town, of 
the great probability there was of Success and by the Advantage we were 
sensible would thereby accrue to your Majestys Subjects of this Pro 
vince and Georgia and for the Glory of your Majestys Arms, in reducing 
a Fortress which stands an Eye sore to the British Dominions in North 
America and as such has been before attempted by this Province, but 
without Success; We Exerted our Selves and cheerfully Voted such a 
Supply of Forces as that General thought Sufficient to Succeed in that 
Expedition, together with a great quantity of Provisions, Artillery, 
Warlike Stores, Vessels for Transportation, Arms and Presents for five 
hundred Indians and many other necessarys, but considering the un 
certainty of Warlike Events, and that the Enemy might be stronger than 

 40 (73) 

the General had represented them to be, we added two hundred men more; 
The whole Expence amounting to a greater Sum than our present circum 
stances could well bear; With this additional Reinforcement we had the 
greatest Reason to hope for Success and more Especially as to sll this 
vas afterwards added your Majestys greet Supply sent to the General of 
Warlike Stores proper for such en Undertaking. But so it has fallen 
out, that with hearts fulls of Sorrow and Anxiety, We are now obliged 
to represent to your Majesty; That this Attempt has proved altogether 
unsuccessfull (?4) and the troops sent from this Province by Express 
Orders dated the 4 Inst. from General Ogelthorpe to their Commanding 
Officer, Orderd to withdraw from before Auguntine and to carry off or 
destroy the Cannon made use of by them against the Enemy; 

Whether the bad success of this Expedition proceeds from Mis 
conduct, or from any other Cause we shall not presume to Judge; But, 
may it please your Majesty, Such being the issue and event of this un 
happy Expedition, in which all our hopes were placed We are now Ex 
posed to a Fowerfull Enemy, roused with Resentment and encouraged by 
our disappointment are become more formidable than ever, and if not 
speedily prevented by a Superiour force may soon turn their Arms 

against us. And vrh^t a Tragical Scene an Attack from a Foreign Ememy 
must produce when at the Same time our whole force will be Scare Suffi 
cient to guard against that within us, is but too apparent. 

Exposed as we are to present danger from the Spaniards, conse 
quences more fatal to us as well as to the whole of your Majestys 
Dominions in America, are to be apprehended in Case of a Rupture with 
France, from the Wonderfull progress made in these few years by that 

 41474) 

Nation in their grand and long projected Scheme of opening a Communica 
tion between their Canada or Quebeck Settlements and those on the great 
River Messissippi to the Bey of Mexico, A Scheme great to them but 
dangerous to the British Dominions, as has been heretofore set forth by 
two Several Representations made to (75) to your Majesty from this 
province since the year 1734. This Communication being now opened by 
that means they have an Army of between three and four thousand men on 
our backs, ?nd have of late built new forts, and Reinforced those 
formerly built by which there is great Reason to apprehend that they 
are able not only to prevent the progress a.nd extention of the British 
Settlements in North America, but to invade some of what is already 
Settled. 

As we have heretofore humbly Represented to your Majesty This 
Province and thst of Georgia have the most to fear; not only on Acct. 
of their being the weakest and most exposed to their Enemies, but on 
Account of their Situation end the great advantage the French must 
consequently have by becoming Masters of them. The Country between 
these Colonies and the French Settlements and Garrisons on the River 
Messissippi end Moville, being plain, flat and open, not intersected by 
the large Appalatchien Mountains, We have therefore no other Barrier 
but a few Nations of Indians far inferior in number to theirs. Next to 
them are the Chickesaws, a bold and breve people, Strict friends to 
your Majestys Subjects of this Province, but not now in number above 
four hundred men, with them the French have lately macLe an insidious 
Peace; and in their Security thereupon many of them have been cut off 
by the Chactaw Indians. These Chactaws are very numerous and under the 

 42 (73) 

imediate influence and direction (76) of the French; This together with 
the many former Attacks upon that brave Nation of Chickesaws, leaves no 
Room to doubt of their intention to extripate thut people as they have 
already done the Notchees, with a View manifestly to make their next 
Attempt on the Creeks; the only remaining Barrier in that case between 
us and the French — In that Nation the French have long had a Fort 
called the Albama Fort, which they have lately reinforced; and by 
repeated intelligence from our Traders, are now using their utmost 
endeavours by Offers of great presents as veil as threats to withdraw 
thpt people from our Interest, and to engage them to destroy our 
Traders now amongst them. In which were they to Succeed, terrible must 
be the fste of these your Majesty's Provinces of South Caroline and 
Georgia, who unless Supported must fall a Prey to them and their 
numerous Indians whose Devastations and Crueltys this Province has 
heretofore fatally experienced and they in that case become Masters of 
what they have long had in View j&xzxx (to wit) A Settlement and Ports 
on this Eastern part of the Americe.n continent, So absolutely necessary 
for the Support and advantage of their back Settlements, end of great 
use to their Sugar Islands in America which at present depend almost 
wholly upon the English Colonies for Lumber and provisions; But as they 
are now Situated have no other opening but from the River Moville and 
Messissippi at the Bxix& Extermity of the Bay of Applatche in the 
Entrance of the Gulph of Mexico which renders their Traffick from these 
Colonies not only tedious but dangerous; And then once (7?) having 
eecured a Settlement on this Shore, and a Communication opened to their 
Settlements on these Rivers, we have Reason to apprehend the may become 

 43 (77) 

Masters of all Florida and its Coasts, quite down to the Mouth of these 
great Rivers, including St. Augustine it self, if it remains uncon- 
querd by your Majesty and that Targe tract of fertile and rich Soil 
^ called the Appalatches formerly conquerd by the Inhabitants of 
this Province from the Spaniards. Such, May it please your Majesty, 
seem to be the grent Schemes of the French, part of which are already 
executed and performed and what are to come We can eesily foresee, but 
are of too high and extensive a nature for us to prevent. 

Expectations and hopes arising at first from the Settlement of 
Georgia, being now vanished and gone, by the drooping and languid Condi 
tion of the few Inhabitants which still remain there, our own Inhabi 
tants and fortunes greatly reduced and impoverished by a long Series 
of Calamity's and misfortunes heretofore unknown we have nothing left 
but to fly to your Majesty for protection. And full of ^ Gratitude for 
the many favours heretofore conferred on this Province and confiding 
in that Glorious disposition and Spirit so lately evidenced and made 
appear to us by your Majesty in the early care taken of these your 
remotest Subjects in America by the Assistance of so many of your 
Majestys Ships of War, the good effect of which we have (?8) already in 
many Instances experienced. 

We most humbly and earnestly implore your Majesty's most Royal 
and Paternal Protection and Assistance against our Enemies by Land, and 
particularly those in St. Augustine Who no doubt by our own disappoint 
ment now bid defiance to the Power and Force of this Province, And from 
whence we have Sustained so many losses and injuries by the Reception 
from time to time of our deserted Slaves and even of those who have 

 44 (?8) 

Committed the most barbarous and Cruel Murders of their Masters. And 
we most humbly pray your Majesty, that in Case this Fortress should 
remain unconquer'd, then in any future peace to be concluded between 
your Majesty and the King of SpRin Provision mpy be made for the 
Restoration of our Slaves already deserted, and for our Security 

FS 

against such evils fro'the future. As also for the great expence which 
has attended this Province in consequence thereof. 

Dated 26 July 1?40. 

(79) Mr. Moore to Mr. Verelts 

Frederica 31st. July 1?40 

Sir 

I wrote to you from hence the 19 Ultimo and soon after went to 
the Southward and met with his Excellency before Augustine on an 
Island called Annastasia. As Soon as I came to him he sent a Summons 
to the Governor of that place, who modestly and in a very Genteel 
handsome complisant manner refused to Surrender, on which we proceeded 
to bombard and. Cpnonade. What I mentioned in ny l^st 3rsr61m about the 
Galleys is too true, we Saw 6 of them at Anchor before the Town, whom 
we obliged with our Cannon to remove, but they went to a place where 
they could annoy us and we not hurt them. In short it was thought 
impossible to take the place without first taking the Galleys, and 
therefore it was agreed by the Sea Officers, that the General should 
go with his Regimt. Indians &c over the Hain near Augus tine in Order to 

 45 (79) 

have Signals made him to attack the lend side of the Town, at the very 
Same time that the men of Wars "boats with their men, and some of the 
Carolina Regiment should attack the Galleys, and enter the Town on 
that side next the Sea. Accordingly the General vent over to the main 
and Lay within Cannon shot of Augustine, expecting the Signals for the 
Attack, but as soon as he was gone, the design of taking the Galleys 
"began to dwindle to nothing, and the Captains alledged for excuse that 
there was not water enough for their Boats, but a Gentleman of good 
Credit going out in the night sounded the River up to the very (80) 
Castle Walls, and found more than was wanted. The want of water 
therefore could not then be alledged as a Reason for Stopping so neces 
sary as well as so glorious an Enterprize, which if done would be the 
only means of taking Augustine, and without which it would be impos 
sible to take it. Commodore Pearse held several Councils of War on 
board about this affair, and at last came to a Resolution that the 
taking the Galleys was impracticable, far different from what they 
before thought. After his Bxcellcy. had been lying in a wet marsh 
about a week, finding that the frequent Councils of Sea. Officers pro 
duced nothing but difficulties a.nd a Resolution of not intending to 
attack the Galleys (though their own neglect wps the Occasion of the 
Galleys being there) he came himself over to Anastatia, and talked 
with some of the Sea Captains, about leaving some of their men behind, 
Sufficient to manage the Artillery, or 3bK else, he told them, he should 
be obliged on their going away (which was fixed for the 5th. July for 
fear of Hurricanes) to withdraw all the people es well as Cannon, 
Mortars &ca. from Anastasia and retire either to Diego, St. Johnsj% or 

 46 (80) 

to Georgia, or else lye with his Regiment before Augustine till the 
Hurricane months should be over. After he had talked over this Affair 
to some of the Captains and wrote to the Commodore noon it (who keeps 
close on board about 3 or 4 miles from shore) he would not stay for an 
Answer but went at midnight over again to his Regiment, and in a day or 
two having received from the Commodore Answers to his Letters, and they 
being (81) in the negative with respect to his leaving any men behind 
him from on board the Ships, His Excellency Sent orders to Lieut. Colo. 
Cook to move all the Cannon &c. from Annastia, at which time I being 
very ill, came from the Expedition, with several other sick people, 
and by the help of a good Nurse am now pretty well recoverd. Four 
days ago the General and all the Regiment, as also that of Carolina 
arrived here, The General is exceeding ill, God knows whether he will 
recover, for I never in my life saw him so ill. Captain Townshend is 
now here but does not intend to Stay, he having had his Masts shivered 
with the Lightning. The General has promised to let him have every 
thing he wants as well as he can have at Carolina.; but he is not willing 
to Stay (though Orderd to lye here) and too morrow designs for Charles 
Town. We never were (I think) in more Necessity of a Man of War, than 
now, but as Long as there is no power given to a Land Officer to Com 
mand the Captains of the Men of War, there will be but little service 
performed by them. To mend the matter too, Captain Townshend has about 
50 Spanish Prisoners on board him, which were taken at Fort Diego, those 
also he will put ashore too morrow morning, notwithstanding the utmost 
endeavours of his Excellency to perswade him to carry them to Chas. 
Town. 

 47 (81) 

I should be glad to have the favour of hearing from you when at 
leisure. I hope you end Mrs. Verelst enjoy a good state of health end 
am 

Sir 

Yr. most obedt. humble servt. 
Fras. Moore 

(83) 26 Aug. 1?40 

William Thomson of London Mariner aged Thirty Years and upwards 
maketh Oath and Saith That he this Deponent has been six Voyages from 
Europe to Georgia in America. That this Deponent left Georgia in the 
month of March last. That he is well acquainted with the Cosst, 
Harbours and Climate of Georgia. That the Beacon or Land Mark at the 
Island of Tybee, erected by the Trustees, is visible above four Leagues 
at Sea, and is of the greatest Consequence to all ^ Ships coming upon 
that Coast. That the Bar at Tybee is a very safe Entrance, whereon 
there is at least fifteen feet at low Water and twenty two feet at high 
Water in common Tides. That the Town of Savannah is about ten Miles 
up the River from Tybee, to which Place Ships of three hundred Tons 
may go up with Safety. That the Sea Coast from Tybee to Jekyll four 
Leagues from the Land is all even Ground not less than seven or eight 
fathom Water; And any Ship keeping in such a depth of Water may steer 
along that Coast with the greatest Safety, and anchor if they have 
Occasion; For no dangerous Banks reach so far from Land. That on the 
Bar at Jekyll there is much the same depth of Water as at Tybee, and 

 48 (83) 

when over the Bar there is a very convenient Harbour for almost any 
Number of Ships. That the Town of Frederica is about ten Miles up the 
River from Jekyll upon the Island of St. Simons, and when this 
Deponent last left Georgia the said Town was begun to be fortified 
(84) round, but a Fort was before erected in the Front of the said 
Town commanding the River both ways, when the Town Guard was kept, 
which was built large enough upon Occasion to contain the Inhabitants 
of the said Town. That three Companies of General Oglethorpe*s 
Regiment were incamped on the South Point of the said Island, and most 
of the Soldiers had Lots of Land set out near the Camp, which they 
cultivated, when not % on Duty. That on the West part of Cumberland. 
Island the Star Work Fort of St. Andrew is built. That the Climate of 
Georgia is very healthy, and the Soil much the same as in South 
Carolina; And that Vines and Mulberry Trees grow wild thereon. That 
the possession of Georgia so far to the Southward, and settling the 
Land with white Inhabitants, is a very great Security to all His 
Majesty*s Northern Colonies in America, and particularly to that of 
South Carolina. 

Wm. Thomson 

Sworn at the Publick Office 
this 26th day of August 1?40 
before me 

M. Thurston 

 49 (87) 

Copy of a Letter from Charles Pinckney to Peregni Fury dated at Boston 
the 1st August 1?40. 

Dear Sir 

I wrote you the Middle of last Month from Newport and then told 
You of my design for this Place since which I have received from 
Carolina, a very Mellancholly Account of the Situation of our Affairs 
at St. Augustine where Matters (as is reported) have been Conducted in 
Such a manner as to create a good deal of disgust between the General 
and Sea Officers insomuch that the Men of War it was said intended to 
leave the Place the 5th. day of July, and by the New York papers I 
perceived Capt. Peirce is arrived there from Augustine and Capt. Warren 
was hourly expected, this may prove a business of very fatal Consequence 
to Us as well as Georgia if any thing besides the Apprehensions of the 
approaching Hurricane Season, has parted the Land and Sea Forces, for 
the Consequence I Suppose is or will be the Marching off of the Land 
Forces, and abandoning the Seige; The Consequence of which, if I 
foresee things aright will most certainly be the intire loss of the 
whole Province of Georgia, For in such Case it is not to be doubted 
but that the Spaniards will immediately enter Georgia when they find 
the War removed from their own Doors, and if they do, I am very 
credibly Informed they cannot raise 200 Effective Men in the whole 
Collony exclusive of Mr. Oglethorpes Regiment and which by my Informa 
tion does not consist of more than 400 Men, and therefore (88) they 
must of Necessity give up the Whole Province, and happy for us it will 
be if they content themselves with that Conquest and do not think of 
entering ours, which if they do considering the Situation we are in 

 30 (88) 

with regard to our S———s the Consequences that must ensue are too 
horrible to be thought of. You'll therefore beleive that our Govern 
ment has and will exert itself to Support the Seige and keep the War 
on the Florida Shore, And for this Purpose, Our Lieutenant Governor as 
my Letters inform me, immediately upon receiving the News of the Loss 
Mr, Oglethorpe had met with raised another Company of Men and sent to 
him but alas! we are not in a Situation to Repeat this Often we hpve 
but barely Men enough in Carolina to defend our Selves, and indeed 
hardly that; and therefore unless we are supported from home, either 
by one of the Regiments that are coming out under My Lord Cathcart or 
by one to be raised in those Northern Colonys, the Seige of St. Augus 
tine must be if it is not already abandoned, and Georgia must fall 
into the hands of Spain; there is no avoiding it. 

This Sir is a Melancholy account of things in our parts but it 
is a true one and the best I can send; surely then some Stepp should be 
taken at home to assist us; men in the thing we want and without which 
we are absolutely undone; in short we are perishing for want of 'em 
and here in New England they have more than they well know what to do 
with. They received directions from Col. Blakeney to raise 400 Men, 
and 1000 almost in a moment offered (89) themselves, tie pity so much 
Ardour for the War as I perceive in these People should be lost, and 
his Majesties Dominions in the Southern Frontiers abandoned, and given 
up to the Enemy for want of Men to defend them. For I em very Confi 
dent that if orders were sent to raise 1000. Men in the New England 
Colonies and to direct them to Georgia or Augustine they might be 
raised and transported thither by the last day of November if Lord 

 31 (89) 

Cathcart therefore, as it is said, will have too much on his hands at 
Cuba to Spare any of his Men to assist in the reduction of Augustine 
how easily may it be effected by sending Orders to the Governor of New 
England to raise and transport 1000 Men thither, which as I observed 
before mey be landed in Georgia by the Ipst Day of Novr. Surely upon 
a proper application the Trustees of Georgia wou'd assist in procuring 
this reinforcement for Mr. Oglethorpe so necessary for the safety and 
indeed the very being of Georgia. And that You may be able to convince 
those Gent of the necessity of something of this Sorts being done I 
inclose You a letter I just now have received from the General by which 
You'll perceive from the Stile and manner in which it is wrote that he 
is in a good deal of perplexity, and I think in real danger; and there- 
fofe I think should be immediately Communicated to the Trustees, but 
this I Submitt to Your Discretion as to the manner of doing it. 

I shall make no manner of appollogy for troubling you with these 
matters, but Bonclude myself Sir 

Your most Obedient Humble Servt. 

(90) Copy of General Ogiethorpes Letter to Mr. Pinckney dated 30 June 
1740. 

Sir 

I acquainted you with the takeing of the Island of Annastatia 
the Seamen blocked the Town on that side Colonel Van Dussen on Point 
Cartell and Colonel Palmer with the Highlanders Indians and the Georgia 
Rangers, on the Main Land, they disobeying my Orders blocked themselves 

 52 (90) 

up in the Fort of Mossa, where they were surrounded, but the defeat 
was not so great as was first reported Colonel Palmer was killed a.nd 
not 20 Highlanders fighting bravely and several Indians and some others, 
and twenty seven were taken, and all the rest are safe in the Camp. 
This giving the Spaniards the Command of the Country rendered the 
bombarding of the Town of little Service, the Inhabitants saving them 
selves in the Country and fetching in Cattle <&ca. with great difficulty 
I landed on the Main buried the dead with Soldierly Honours, and 
marched to Augustine And all the Spaniard's have again forsaken the 
Country and retired into the Fort and Town which has been and will be 
severly battered by Our bombs and Cannon. More men are absolutely 
necessary, the Nature of the Ground obliging us to be divided, and also 
Walkers Scooner for attacking the Gallies Pardon the hurry I am in 
and beleive me to be Sir 

Your most Obedient humble Servant 

(95) Mr. Tho. Hawkins to Mr. Martin reed. 13th. April l?4l 

Frederica 9 Augst. 1?40 

Sir 

I am Sorry that I have no better Intelligence from these parts, 
tha.n that the number of Widows are much increased at Darien by their 
husbands being kill'd or taken at the late expedition to St. Augustine, 
and that the Genl. is return'd in a weak State of health, and. notwith 
standing the greatest care has frequent Relapses, So that I have often 
doubted his Recovery. 

 33 (93) 

No Inhabitant of this place is lost, only one Patrick Grant, who 
lived Some time ago at Savanah, and has for Some months ixxiixzi past 
officiated as Naval Officer for this Port, who was killed at Diego by 
Lieut. Frederick Shenton of the Carolina Regimt. in a duel. 

We have no Improvments of any consequence going forward here, 
only these: John Roberson Bricklayer, has built a good house, Somner a 
Carpenter, who arriv'd with the last detachment of the Regiment has 
built another. To my former buildings I have made an addition of 60 L 
Sterlg. in brick work, and hope to get the Same finish'd Soon: and 
notwithstanding most people decline Improvments, I shall apply to the 
Hbnbe. Trustees for a confirmation of a Grant of 50 acres on the East 
Side of a large enclosure, which I intend for pasture, hoping to Set 
forward others by So doing. This I was promised by his Excellency, 
and I Shall Soon begin on ditching it. Nothing has been wanting in me 
by exemplary Improvments, as far as the whole Incom both as a Magis 
trate & Surgeon will admit. 

It has been my constant endeavour to avoid the frequency of 
Courts amongst the people who are Spared on in trifling occasions and 
prossecutions. 

We Shall make Entries of Clayme pursuant to the Eonble. ^ the 
Trustees Reeolutions the latter end of this Month; All things conform 
ing to their first Instructions will be carefully transmitted to Col. 
Stephens as Soon as compleated. 

I am Sir, 

Yr. most obedt. humbe. Servant 
Tho. Hawkins 

 (no) 

An Account of Genl. Oglethorpes proceedings against Augustine 
received from Mm by the Honble. Colonel Cecil his &atBB±Hgy Cousin, 
and brought over by Capt. Hugh Mackay who left the General at Frederica 
31st. August 1?40 and deliver'd his Letters in Town l$th November 
following. 

I received his Majestys Instructions with the assistance of 
Carolina to Attack Augustine if I thought there was a probability of 
Success and to raise what force I could in Georgia. The Ships upon 
the Northern Station were Order'd to assist in the Enterprize. I with 
the assistance of Carolina did undertake the Bombarding the Place, and 
it was highly probable that we should take the Same, if we Attacked it 
soon enough, because at that time there was a scarcity of Provisions, 
the Soldieres had not been paid their Arrears for some years, and the 
pay Ship and Cloathing was taken by Capt. Knowles, The Troops in the 
Garrison wanted about one third of being compleat. There was between 
one and two hundred Transports Prisoners in the Place, who only sought 
an opportunity to Escape, There was a great number of useless Mouths, 
Priests, Women, Children, and Slaves, which with the Garrison made 
above X& 2500 Souls and the Inside of the Castle was but 60 yards 
Square therefore I thought that if we Succeeded in any of the follow 
ing points the pla.ce would be taken. 

First. If the Men of War could Stop the Provinces and Succours coming 
in from Cuba they must Surrender through Want. 

Second. If we could tpke the Town which was Surrounded on the Land side 
with an Entrenchment but none at all on the Sea Side and might be 
probably taken by the Seamen Landing in Boats on the Sea Side whilst we 

 55 (no) 

should attack the Entrenchments on the Laud side (ill) Sword in hand, 
which tho a hot Service I beleive would have succeeded, if both had 
teen attempted at the same time, and if we had been Masters of the 
Town, the People would have crowded the Castle so that a Bombardment 
must have forced them to Surrender. 
Third If a Party in the Town had Strength (as they pretended they 

had,) to procure the Surrender of the pie ce upon the Appearance of an 
Enemy in the Field sufficient to block up the place by Sea and Land. 

To Accomplish the first of these, Commodore Pearse order'd 
Captn. Townshend to Cruise off Augustine, and Captn. Warren to relieve 
him, between the time that Captn. Townshend came off from that Station, 
and before Captn. Warren could get upon it, Six Galleys carrying nine 
Pound Guns in their Prows and two Sloops loaded with Provisions, with 
200 Men got into the place, so that when Captn. Warren arrived there, 
one Calm ^t morning Six Galleys Attacked him and after a long Engagement 
and a great many Shot fired, he repulsed and pursued them but they 
Escaped into Augustine by running into Shoal Water. And these Succours 
got in there after the Resolution was taken at Charles Town to Attack 
the Place. In pursuance of which Resolution I was already at Frederica 
and had taken all measures for the Attack, the Indians were upon their 
March, and the People of Carolina had enter'd into the Expence. 
Therefore this unforeseen Obstacle happened after it was too late to 
give over the Attempt and prevented our hopes of succeeding by Starving 
them. 

To bring the Second about, after I had taken Fort Diego and 
Commodore Pearse was arrived at the mouth of the River St. Johns or 

 36 (ill) 

St. Matthao, I vent on Board him and he agreed to go down off Augustine 
and Anchor with Seven Sail of Men of 'War close to the Bar, that I 
should March down to Augustine on the Land side and send a Party to give 
him Signals from (112) the Shore that we should mutually Attempt to get 
a Communication with each other, I with the Regular Troops, the Carolina 
Regiment and all the Indians marched to Moosa, a Fort belonging to the 
Negroes, which I found abandoned, From whence I marched close to 
Augustine and Saw the Commodore and Men of War Anchor'd close to the 
Bar, but the Spanish Galleys being Masters of the Harbour between where 
I was and the Bar his Boats could not come im%, nor I receive any 
thing from Sea, and had no Carriages to bring down Artillery and Provi 
sions by land. I therefore returned to Diego and Commodore Pearse sent 
the Tartar Man of War towards St. Jonns who landed a Messenger that ceme 
to me at Biego proposing that if I would furnish 200 Men he would join 
them with 200 Sailors and land on the Island Annastasia which if we 
could possess we might block up the place, Since th?t Island Commanded 
the Harbour and was within Cannon Shot of the Town. I went on Board 
the Men of War with 200 Men and Landed on Annastatia, the Spaniards 
retired, we Erected the Bomb Batteries which reached the Town and 
mounted what few Cannon we had in Battery to drive the Gallies out of 
the River, and Command the Harbour, but the distance was too great to 
do much damage to the Castle. We then found it w?s impracticable to 
Attack from the Sea Side cross the Harbour without first driving away 
the Gallies, Therefore it was Resolved by the Sea Officers according 
as I wished that they would Attack the Gallies with their Bopts, and I 
promised at the Same time to Attack the Town by Land with the Indians 

 37 (112) 

and Regular Troops, and Colo. Vanderdussens Regiment on Board Boats to 
assist against the Gallies, and if they Succeeded to Land upon the Town. 
Commodore Pearse and I sent A Joint Summons to the Town, to which the 
Governor answer'd very handsomely that he must defend it according to 
(113) his oath and honour. Before I could get to the Main a party of 
Eorse Indians and Highlanders whom I had left to alarm the Spaniards 
on the Land side, and who were able by their nimbleness to avoid any 
Engagement which I positively ordered them to do, went and Lodged too 
near the Town in a Negroe Fort in direct opposition to my orders, where 
they were Surrounded and defeated. I constantly pressed the Sea 
Officers to Attack the Gallies, but they found great difficulty in 
Settling the Method. I went over to Point Quartell, and the Carolina 
Regiment to the Island of Annestasia to be ready to Execute our Part of 
the Attack. The Batteries continued playing though with very little 
Effect, for the Bombs fell either into the Town or Castle yet there 
was so much Room within the Town that the Inhabitants KKJcx retired 
to Places out of the reach of them, whereas if the Town had been taken 
the Bombs would have made a terrible havock in so small a place as the 
Castle amongst a Crowd of People. Colo. Cook, end Colo. Vanderdussen 
whom I left on Annestatia pressed the Sea Officers to hasten the 
Attacking the Gallies aad I was ready upon a Signal to Attack by land, 
and the 3 July approaching, the Day on which the Men of War resolved to 
retire made it the more necessary to hasten this matter. At Last the 
Commodore acquainted me that the Council of War of Sea Officers found 
it impracticable to Attack the Gallies. About the Same time Seven 
Vessels arrived with Provisions and Men from the Havannah which got all 

 58 (113) 

safe into Augustine. This took away all hopes of carrying the place by 
taking the Town, which was the Second Point by which I hoped for Suc 
cess in the Siege. 

As for the third the inclination of a Party to surrender was 
very visible when I sent the Sumnons, In the Spanish Council of War, 
there being great deb^^tes in (114) in favour of a Surrender, but the 
Governors Resolution overbore all, yet the party would hpve shew'd 
itself very Considerable had the want of Provisions continued. 

When I fould that the Town could receive Succours from the 
Harvannah, which we could not hinder and was then fresh provided. And 
being informed by the Prisoners that the Governor had freed the Trans 
ports and compleated the Troops and increased the Entrenchments towards 
the Land, and the Men of War going off the Coasts and leaving us without 
assistance by Sen, The Men also of both Regiments growing Sick, and the 
Indians resolving to return to their Nation, The hest and unhealthful- 
ness of the Air being such that they could no longer keep the field, I 
was forced to raise the Siege. We carried off all the Cannon, Mortars 
&c, excepting one piece of Cannon that was burst in the Siege, and 
three Cannon on Point Qaartell, the Boat that was to carry them being 
grounded and attacked by the Gallies we burnt it, and nailed and 
buried the Cannon, I marched by Land with Drums beating and Colours 
flying by day from our Camp which was within half Camion Shot of the 
Castle to St. Diego, and the Spaniards having sent out some Horse and 
Indians, they were Attacked by ours, one of their Horsemen taken and 
two of their Indians killed. I halted for some days on the Spanish 
side of St. Matthaos River, but finding no hopes of any further 

 39 

assistance, I returned the Troops to their different Quarters, And the 
Carolina Regiment was recalled by that Government to Charles Town, 

(126) Mr. Tho. Jones to Mr. Jo. Lydes Apothecary in London. 

Savannah Septembr. 18th. 1?40. 

My Dear Friend. 

I wrote to You from Fort Diego in Florida July 6th. Ult. wherein 
I gave you some Account of the State of our then Warlike preparations 
against the Spaniards, which have not succeeded according to Expecta 
tion. Many of the Carolina Officers ran away; several of the private 
Men both of the Carolina and of the General's own Regiment (being 
Irish) deserted and went to the Spaniards. The Flux and Fever raged 
(especially among the Indians in the Camp) The Cpptains of our Men of 
War before Augustine were not Unanimous, and at length quitted that 
Station fearing the Hurricanes which sometimes have happened in the 
Months of August or September in these Coasts. The General is returned 
with the Troops (many of them Sick but now I hear pretty well recovered) 
to the Camp at St. Sabzam Simons, having left Garrisons at the Forts, 
that are between the Camp and Florida: Be has been himself very 111, 
but is recovered. I have not been to wait on him since his return. I 
have received several Letters from him during the time he lay before 
Augustine The Spaniards made several Sallies (with a Body commonly of 
Six Hundred Men) but were every time beat back by the General with his 
own Regiment and Indians, with the loss of several Men and Horses on 

 60 (126) 

their side And that without the loss of one Man of Ours in any (12?) of 
those Attacks. The Greatest Disaster that befell our Forces during 
tills short Campaign was at Moosa about three Miles from Augustine, 
where a Company of Scotch Highlanders and some Indians (not observing 
the Orders given them by the General) were surpris'd by a Party of 500 
Spaniards in the Night time, who killed 16 and took 26 Prisoners, but 
some of the Scotch especially, the Indians taking to their Arms fought 
their way and killed about 40 Spaniards, among the rest their Chief 
Commander, and so made their way to our Camp. 

It is generally thought, that if the General had carried on 
this Undertaking against Augustine with his own Regiment (which did not 
exceed 350 Men) the rest being left in Garrisons, his Highlanders from 
Darien, and Rangers (being a Company of light Horsemen) with the 
Indians, not only Augustine, but all Florida had in all Human proba 
bility submitted to the English without any further Expence of Blood 
or Treasure especially if the Captains of the Men of War had been of 
one mind. 

I do not yet know whether the General will make another Attempt 
this Winter, but am certain he will not desire the assistance of the 
Carolina Regiment therein. I mentioned in my last a Family in Carolina 
(Bull) who came from Radnor Shire and probably may be Allied to You; 
The Eldest (by means of General Oglethorpe) is now Lieutenant Governor. 
His Eldest Son (who telle me Served his Apprenticeship to an Apothecary, 
the corner (128) King Street Cheapside) had a Company given him in 
this Regiment. This Captain having One Night the Command of the Guard 
at their Camp (within hearing of the Cannon at St. Augustine) was it 

 61 (128) 

seems so frighted at the Noise that he hired a Boat which passed by, 
and went off with so many of his Guard, as could well get into the 
Boat, without giving any Notice, or the Guards being releiv'd and got 
safe to Carolina where he was well received on Account of his Valour. 

General Oglethorpe had given leave to raise two Companys for the 
Carolina Service in Georgia, and Writ to me for that purpose, of such 
as would Voluntarily enlist. I accordingly perswaded several of the 
Inhabitants, and gave leave to some Servants under my Care and Direction 
to enlist. The poor People have been treated with great Barbarity by 
their Carolina Officers(after the manner of using their Negroes) I 
hope to have an Opportunity of bringing them to Account for those 
proceedings, and of doing Justice to such of the poor People, who have 
survived their Cruelties. 

I do not pretend to give a Succinct Account of the Campaign 
which I suppose you will find in your News Papers I shall not add but 
to fill up my Sheet shall give a short Account of my own Affairs. 

You may remember that I took with me (as Servants) to Georgia, a 
Family related to my Friend Mr. William Cranke, Silkman, in Bishopsgate 
Street. Vizt. Samuel Vernon his Wife and two Daughters, from whom I 
proposed great Satisfaction not then doubting of their Fidelity in such 
Affairs I should have occasion for their assistance in, (129) But I 
have been disappointed. I entrusted them from the time I first went on 
Board with every thing even with what Cash I had, and allowed them to 
buy for themselves, such Cloathing and other necessaries with my money 
as they wanted. We landed at St. Simons the l?th of September but I 
being under a necessity of hastening to Savannah left them at Frederica 

 62 (129) 

untill the General could spare a Vessell to convey them with my goods to 
Savannah. They were to have what -^revisions they should have occasion 
for, out of the Store there on iny Accot. I had. left with them sundry 
Liquors, Bohea Tea, By son Green Tea &c even wh?t I imagined might have 
sufficed us for six months at least; but these things, as veil as 
several small Sums of Money which I had lent to Gentlemen on the 
Passage, and which Vernon received of them I had no other Account of, 
than that they were expended. 

When I arrived at Savannah, I took Lodgings and boarded at a 
Gentlewoman's House (Mrs. Vanderplank) where I have continued hitherto, 
but intend shortly to remove to my own House in Town or to sn House of 
the Trustees (now vacant.) having a small but agreeable Family Vizt. a 
man and maid Servant, also one Mr.Harris recommended to me by your 
Friend in Fosket. He is a person of great Integrity, has been very 
serviceable to me, and in some measure made up the Disappointment I 
met with in others; and one William Russell a Sober Youth, whom I 
employ in Writing for me. My little Family, (may we be more thank- 
full) have been very Healthy. We sbound in the necessary Conveniencies 

d 
of Life, are well supplied with fresh Provisions, Vizt. Beef from 1^ to 

d d d d d 
2§ p Ib. Pork from 2 to 2^, Veal from 2^ to 3 p lb., Mutton (130) 

d d 
being yet very scarce is from 4^ to 5 P lb. Tame Fowl we have plenty 

of, therefore seldom buy any nor Wild Fowls, & Fish we abound with. 
Mr. Harris who is an expert Fowler sometimes goes out with his Gun and 
seldom fails of bringing in, either wild Turkey, Curlews, Rabbit, 
Partridge Squirrel, Ducks or Geese (in their Season) sometimes 
Venison but that and Bear &c the Indians supply us with often. Ag to 

 our Liquors we have Wine, 0 chiefly Madeira, or Vidonia which costs us 

s s s 
from 3 to 3/6 a Gallon, Strong Beer 20 p Barrell of 10 Gall, Cyder 

s 
10 p Barrell; our small Beer we Brew of Molasses and is Chesp, Coffee 

d s/ s 
about 18 p lb, Tea from 5 /o 7 p lb, The finest Wheat Flour is at 

d 
1 p lb. I bake our own Bread generally with half Wheat and half 

d d 
Indian Wheat Flour; The Indian Wheat is Sold from 10 to 18 p Bushell, 

is well tasted and very Nourishing. Bread, The finest Rice is Sold 

s s 
here from 3/6 to 5 P Hundredweight. We have good store of Pulse Roots, 

and Potherbs, such as Pease and Beans of divers kinds (many of them yet 
unknown in England) Pompions, Musk and Water Melons, Potatoes/ and 
generally all the roots and herbs used in England. As to our Fruit 
the most common a.re, Peaches and Nectarines, I believe that I had an 
hundred Bushells of the former in my little Garden in the Town, this 
Year. We have also Apples of divers kinds, Chincopin Nutts, Wallnutts, 
Chesnutts, Hickary and Ground nutts, several sorts of Berries, besides 
those common with you, very good Grapes but no Oranges grow nearer 
than Amelia (to the Southwd.) We have exceeding fine water at 
Savannah, Fire Wood (131) very reasonable. Such as have Houses of 
their own have no other burthen then performing, or paying for their 
Guard Duty, in their turn; there are no Taxes, all publick Buildings 
and other such Works, such as Bridges, Rends &c. have been carried on 
at the expence of the Trust. I have not seen any part of the World 
where Persons that would labour and used any Industry, might live more 
comfortably in. 

Indeed, there is not that Improvement of Land near Savannah 
which might be expected, considering the great Encouragement to 

 64 (131) 

Industry that has been given by the Trustees. But many of the first 
settlers, were People who had been accustomed to an Idle way of Life 
at home and had neither Skill nor Inclination to labour, and their 
being (for the first Years) maintained at the expence of the Trust, 
instead of prompting them on to Industry, has rather tended to make 
them more careless and Idle. 

What has been the greatest bane to this part of the Colony has 
been a company of Proud, Idle and Turbulent spirited Scotch, who 
arrived at Savannah about Six Years ago; most of them had no visible 
way of subsisting (a counting labour unbecoming Gentlemen) besides a 
few unhappy Servants whom they had persuaded to accompany them, by 
whose labour (letting them out to hire) they were supported in their 
Idleness and Extravagance for some Years: But those Servants Inden 
tures being expired, Poverty began to st&re them in the Face, yet would 
not (132) stoop to any thing which they Imagined unbecoming Gentlemen, 
(the* some of them in Rags) but kept their Daily Perambulation on the 
Parade, Prideing themselves in their fine shapes the' they could not of 
their deaths, and kept up duly their Meetings at the Tavern where they 
combined not only to raise discontents among the Drunken Idle part of 
the Inhabitants (who were now left to provide for themselves.) but con 
trived also several Falsehoods, which have been industriously spread 
in England, representing this Colony as Unfruitfull and Unhealthy, 
therefore not worth the regard of the Government Their views therein 
could be no other, Than (if these Falsehoods were Creditted) The 
Government would yield up Georgia to the Spaniards, and then they would 
have a fair pretence of Petitioning the Government for a recompence of 

 63 (132) 

the loss of their Estates in Georgia; which they expected to receive 
without any Inquiry, what Improvements they ha<5. made on the Lands 
grafted them? 

What has contributed much towards the support of this Society 
has been the Alliance with Mr. Robert Williams (Our Countryman) by 
Patrick Telfair a Surgeon's marrying Mr. Williams's Sister. Telfair, 
who a little before had narrowly escaped, on a Tryal, for the Murther 
of his Servant, was then come into tolerable Practice/ (having no other 
who professed any skill in Surgery at Savannah) and being the only 
Person of the Clubb that could command any Money, was their chief 
Dictator. Mr. Robert Williams was in Partnership (133) with his 
Brother at St. Christophers, who carried on a Trade to Guinea for 
Negroe Slaves. Nothwithstanding the Act which passed soon after the 
first Establishment of this Colony against Negro Slavery therein. Yet 
these Scotch Gentlemen prevailed with Mr. Williems to join with them 
in an Attempt to procure the Repeal of that Act, which he the more 
readilly concurred in, from the Prospect he had of having the Monopoly 
of Negroes, brought into the Colony, if they could have the Law 
repeal'd. Accordingly in the beginning of the Year 1739. This Doughty 
Club, formed as Memorial representing the Difficulties the Planters in 
this Colony laboured under for want of Negro Slaves, and prevailed 
with some of the Honest Laborious (but unthinking) People to Sign the 
same. There was not one of these Scotch Contrivers who had so much as 
one Acre of Land, or a Garden plajited, and I em very certain that none 
among them (Telfair excepted) could pay the Purchase money for one 
Negro, nor even pay the Debts contracted by them in this Colony. This 

 66 (133) 

representation was sent to England by Mr. Williams (in order to be laid 
before the Trustees) which together with the Trustees answer thereto, I 
doubt not you have seen in your Publick Papers, therefore I shall not 
add on that head. 

Three or Four Scotch Families (whom I find to be well Affected 
to our British Constitution) after their Arrival in Georgia seldom 
associated with the rest of their Countrymen, but took to Planting or 
followed other Occupations wherein they have been very Successfull 
(134) and are usefull People in the Colony; but the others (who upon 
all Occasions discover an Inveteracy to the present Government finding 
fault with all the Measures that have been taken by the Government 
ever since the Revolution (excepting during the few Years of Boling- 
broke's Ministry.) continued in Town where for a time they dressed 
Gey, set up a Free Mason's Clubb, a St. Andrews Clubb and other Tipling 
Societies which they have kept up to this time (From wh^t Fund they 
are supported in this expensive wey of living is yet a secret, snd 
only Guessed at. This has proved the ruin of several Young, Vain and 
unexperienced people, who arrived in Georgia, by being either admitted 
Members of their Societies or by following the same example of Luxury. 
Every one of this Scotch Clubb (one Douglas excepted) kept his Con 
cubine publickly, by whom they have had a number of spurious Children 
now living. Your Friend Robert Williams and his brother (when Adopted 
Members of St. Andrews) followed the same Example. They have at all 
times shewn their Aversion to and contempt of whatever had the appear 
ance of Religion which at length broke out into a Rage, since our 
Minister Mr. Whitfield found fault with their setting up Horse Races 

 67 (134) 

this Summer, (when we were in danger of being Invaded by the Enemy) 
and had also often both in Fublick and Private endeavoured to perswa.de 
them to part with or Marry their Concubines, promising to provide for 
and Educate their Spurious Children. In which he was seconded by Mr. 
Me cloud (the Presbyterian Minister (135) at Darien) who came to 
Savannah for that purpose, and used his utmost endeavours to persua.de 
his Countrymen, but could not prevail with them. 

Having mentioned Darien which is a Town inhabited by the High 
land Scotch, under the care of the said Mr. Me cloud. The people live 
very comfortably, with great Unanimity, I know of no other Settlement 
in this Colony, more desireable except Ebenezer a Town on the River 
Savannah at 35 miles distance from hence, inhabited by Saltzburghers 
and other Germans, under the Pastors.! care of Mr. Bolzius and Mr. 
Gronau, who ere discreet Worthy men. They consist of 60 Families or 
upwards. The Town is neatly Built, the Situation exceeding Pleasant, 
the People live in the Greatest Harmony with their Ministers, and with 
one another as one Family. They have no idle, drunken, or profligate 
People among them, but are industrious, many grown Wealthy, and their 
Industry hath beenblessed with remarkable and uncommon success, to the 
envy of their Carolina neighbours. Having great Plenty of all the 
necessary conveniences of Life, (except Cloathing) within themselves, 
and supply this Town and other neighbouring Pieces with Bread kind as 
also Beef, Veal, Pork, Poultry &c. 

Many Artifices have been made use of to Gain over these Germans, 
and the Darien people, t^ join with the discontented party here in 
petitioning for Negroe Slaves, and since they could not be prevailed 

 68 (135) 

on Letters have been writ to them from England, endeavouring (136) to 
intimidate them into a compliance, threatning that if they did not 
come into the Scheme proposed the Spaniards would destroy them ell, 
And the Government would not concern themselves with supporting this 
Colony. Mr. Bolzius shewed me a Letter writ unto him by one of the 
Scotch Clubb, who vent from hence to England, and takes upon himself to 
be their Chief Manager in London I have not the Letter by me therefore 
cannot write the Arguments made use of, but am certain that what I 
have mentioned is the purport thereof. 

I have lately seen the Copy of a Memorial presented by this 
manager (Don Quixote Junr.) to a Member of Parliament setting forth 
the many Grievances which they have laboured under in this Colony: 
Among many others (all either False or Ridiculous) one great Grievance 
ie (in behalf of Religion) That we have among us a Company of People 
whom they call Methodists; That there is no Publick School for the 
Education of their Children (meaning their Bastard brood for they have 
no other) unless they suffer them to be Educated by these Methodists — 
Risumtineas Amice? 

This day a Gentleman (who had inconsiderately Signed the 
Famous representation for Negroes) but never could be prevailed on by 
the St. Andrews Clubb, to concur with them, or to approve of their 
Schemes) shewed me the Letter he then had received from their Manager 
in London wherein he sets himself out as a person of great importance 
(Velut Musca in Fabula) having already in his Imagination (13?) rescued 
the Colony from the * anagement of the Trustees and promises, if the 
People of the Colony will give him Power to procure such Advantages for 

 69 (137) 

them as will make them happy, otherwise will leave them to the Span 
iards. I at first reading his Letter fancied that he had taken his 
hints from Absolom in 2d. Samuel 15.4 having already out done that 
rebellious Ingrate in his undutifulness to his aged Father (a worthy 
Gentleman now residing at Savannah) But having good reason to believe, 
that he is not well acquainted with, nor has any Great Value for the 
Book wherein that History is recorded, I rather think he has chosen 
Christopher Layer (my Quondam neighbour) for his Pattern — However I 
wish he may never meet with either of their Fetes. 

I have already exceeded the limits of a Letter and perhaps 
trespassed on my Friend's patience, by entring into a^ Detail of 
matters not very entertaining; Yet I thought it necessary lest my 
Friend should conclude, That if living I was wholly deprived of my 
Reason, by remaining in a Country (represented to be) wholly destitute 
of the Common Necessaries of Life, Or th?t Necessity obliged me to 
continue in it, or else th^.t an eager desire of Wealth might tempt me 
to run any Hazard. This last I am assured my Friends who have known 

my Conversation and manner of Life in England, would hardly believe to 

ins tances 
be the case with me whatever/iHitmBHXKX may be Given of persons who have 

run great Risques, Healths and lives on that Account. 

I hinted to you in my last, That I enjoyed a better (1^8) Stpte 
of Health since I came into this Colony, than I had for some years 
past, my Friends here have the same, the' many of the Inhabitants have 
had Fluxes or intermitting Fevers frequently (often occasioned by In 
temperance) yet few Die of those Distempers. I have carefully inquired 
into the Account of our Births and Burials at Savannah and its Districts, 

 70 (138) 

for one Year past, And find the former has exceeded the latter at 
three to two. I have not known any Town or Place in England where 
fewer have died in that space of time (in proportion to the Inhabi 
tants) I have this day (that I might be at a greater Certainty) 
enquired at Mr. Whitefield's who has by far the largest Family of any 
in this Colony, consisting of near 150 persons; and received the follow 
ing Account from Mr. Habersham (who has the care and direction of the 
Family in Mr. Whitefield's absence) that their Family consists of Sixty 
Persons, including hired Servants, Sixty one Orphans and other poor 
Children, Twenty five Working Tradesmen and others in all 146 (exclu 
sive of many others who have remained at their House a month, two, or 
three months at a time, and have been accounted to be of their Family.) 
That all the Family are in good Health, that none have Died, except one 
Mrs. Lewin an Aged Gentlewoman, who arrived here about Christmas last: 
She was Sick during the whole time of the Voyage from London, and 
expired shortly after her Arrival here. Very few of their Family have 
at any time complained of any Ailment or Sickness excepting three poor 
Children who came Distempered into The Family, but are now recovered. 
(139) One of the said Children brought here from Purysburgh in 
Carolina., had the small Pox (a distemper seldom, if ever known in this 
part of the Colony, tho' frequent and often Contagious in Carolina.) 
The Child recovered and is very well. And tho' none of the other Chil 
dren at Mr. Whitefield's or belonging to this Town, were ever known to 
have been Visited with that Distemper, yet it proceeded no further. 
We had another like Instance this Summer. The Master of a Vessell 
bound to Charles Town was brought Sick Ashore here; it soon appeared 

 71 (139) 

that he had the small Pox, noae of his Men on Board would come nep.r him 
for some time it being reported, That his Distemper was of the Malig 
nant kind. We provided a Nurse for him, and he was attended by Mr. 
Graham an Apothecary: He recover'd in some time and the Distemper 
spread no further. One Mr. Fallowfield (a Iste adopted Member of the 
St. .Andrews Clubb) who have always studied to spread reports tending 
to raise discontents and discourage the Inhabitants) soon after told 
several of the Inhabitants, that the Infection (the Small Pox) was 
likely to spread thro' the Town, That it was got among the Children at 
Mr. Whitefield's end that two Children at his Bouse (out of the Town) 
were dangerously 111 of that Distemper. This Report gave great un 
easiness to many People (the Season "being then very warm) But upon 
Inquiry at Mr. Whitefield's, That part of the report was found to be 
without any Foundation I went to Dr. Telfair, the Reporter's Patron 
(whom I knew often Visited his Family) who declared that the Children 
at Mr. Fallowfield's, had no other Ail than the Prickly (140) heat or 
such like Eruptions (common to Young People.) 

I am told, That many false, idle Reports have lately been 
spread in England by People come from Georgia who were a pest to the 
Colony while they continued in it. And either met with the just and 
legal Punishments that their outragious Villainies iKS± deserved or 
else their consciousness of Guilt has caused them privately to with 
draw. A late Instance we had in one Thomas Christie who in the In 
fancy of the Colony was appointed Recorder. I am a stranger to his 
Abilities for the Discharge of that or any other Office of trust 
(unless it should be found necessary when the Colony is new Moddeled) to 

 72 (I4o) 

^ 
\ 

have a Director of a ^urn-Boat for the supply of distant Plantations 
with Rum and Spirituous Liquors which he has been a Retailer of for 
several Years (in that way) And to avoid the Law prohibiting such 
Liquors in this Colony, he xx called the same Bottled Beef, so that 
Christie's Bottled Beef is a common Proverb. 

This Christie professing himself to be a Scotchman was early an 
Adopted Member of their Societies, he being Judged to have all the 
necessary Requisites, having brought with him a Concubine from England 
(disowning his Wife whom he left behind) with whom he lived for some 
Years, but at length turned her off, and took to him the Wife of one 
Turner now living with whom he Cohabited for some time past in a very 
lewd and scandalous manner, as hath been declared on Oath to a Grand 
Jury. He had run into every persons Debt so far as he could be 
creditted, end got (l4l) several Effects of other People into his 
Possession, which he sold and converted to his own use. At length the 
people began to be uneasy and clamorous on that Account. He then 
absconded and lay concealed with his Concubine for some time at the 
House of one Theo: Hetherington, (who is the Son of the Tallyman of 
that name.) and had Married one Mrs. Lacey, once well known in London 
for her Bagnio. Theo: Hetherington in the mean time used all the 
Stratagems he was capable of, to Contract Debts by borrowing Money and 
other ways. At length he, his Wife, Christie and his Concubine in the 
Night time withdrew to Carolina where they joined one Josh. Eethering- 
ton who had formerly lived in Georgia, and had broke out of our Town 
Gosl when under a conviction for Felony and escaped to the common 
Asylum. These Two Brothers together with one Could (who had fled from 

 73 (141) 

this Colony a,d t^ken Sanctuary in Carolina) set up a Tavern at Pen 
Pen in Carolina about June last, where they all except Theophilus died 
in a very short time Vizt. Theophilus'3 Wife, his Brother, Joseph 
Gould, Theophilus is living but Sick and Necessitous. Mr. Christie 
lurked about Charles Town for some time, but apprehending himself in 
danger of being apprehended and Obliged to account for some of his 
Actions, he got to be conveyed on Board of a Ship bound for England, by 
the Interest of one Mr. Wm. Williamson who told me That Christie 
boasted when he parted with him that he would (whenever he got to 
England) not only (142) put England but all "Europe in a Flame. — 
Parturiunt moates. 

That designing men of known Valour or of distinguishing endow 
ments of mind should overturn a Constitution, is not much to be won 
dered at: But the Thoughts That a Jack Cade or a Tom Assinelto should 
bring about or even attempt such a Revolution is very Grateing. 

I am prevented from communicating to You some Observations, I 
have made in the Natural Productions of the Earth and Waters in these 
parts. As also some Account of this Country in General, Of the 
Seasons, Soil, Situation &c. The which was in my Intentions when I 
began this Letter. And may ere long Attempt If the Lord continues my 
Life and Health. 

I shall not Apologize from entring upon so unpleasing a Sub 
ject, nor the manner of my communicating the same with my thoughts 
thereon to my very Good Friend, whose Candour and Love I have so long 
Experienced — But at this time must take my Leave recommending You 

 ?4a (143) 

Acct. of the Sums spply'd & expended for the Trust Service in the Northern 
part of the Colony of Georgia for 1 year, endg. Michlemass 1740. 
Reed. 16 November l?4l 

Not provided 

for in the Particulars Totals Allowance 33 

Estimate Estimate 

1. Upon Trust Servants 

2. Incident expences as follows: viz. 

1. Boats, viz. provisions &c as follows 

Scout boat 7.A3.0^ 

Colonies pettiagua 1. 9-1 

Palachocla boat 5* 3*3 

Arguile boat 0. 0.9 

Ogeehy boat 0. 0.0 

Pylot boat at Tybee 5. 1.5 

Repair of boats 6. 2.8 

Repair of Express boat 0.15.5 

2. Buildg. a house to Receive Indians 

3. Bouverie farm, pd. Jo. Foulds Overseer of 
ye Fr. Servants there at 24 t g ann. 

4. Burial Ground at Savanah 

5. Cowpen 0. 0. 0 
Palachocolas Cowpen 0. 7- 7 
Feeding Trust live Cattle 15.12.1 

332.11.11 

12.11. 7 

2.17.11 

11. 6 

6. Expresses 

7. Guard at Savanah 

Do. at the Narrows 
Do. at Thunderbolt 

8. Bbenezar 

9. Infirmary at Savannah 

10. New Plantation near the town, Set out by 
Col. Oglethorpes Order, unknown to the 
Trustees 

26. 5. 

36. 2. 2^- 

24. 7. 2 

1. 8. 7 

15.19. 8 

63.10. 6 

16. 1. 0 

4.13. 8 

* 2. 8 

42.18.10§ 

 ?4b (143) 

Not provided. Allowance 
for in the Particulars Totals Estimate 
Estimate 

11. To particular Persons viz. 

To Noble Jones, as Surgeon, by Col. 
Oglethorpes order, unknown to the 
Trustees 26. 0.0 

To Jo. Macdonald drumer at 

5 t 2 an. 6. 7.0 
To Slechtermans family, Sent 

to Fort Arguile 6. 8.1 
To Will. Russel, provision 

6 clothes 2.10.3 

12. To Publick Works 

13. To Rejoicing days 

14. To Surveying 

15. To Trust Garden 

16. To Trustees Great house in Savanah 

I?. To Trust Servts. over & above what mentioned 
in Article 1 

3. Magistrates & Of ficers, viz. 

30.0.0 
24.6.8 

1. To Mr. 6^. Parker 1. Ballif 

of Savanah, Sallary 

& 2 Servts. at 12.3-4 each 

2. Jo. Fallowfeild 2d. 
& 2 Servants 

20 i. Sallary, 

3- Tho. Jones 3d. Bailif at do. 

4. Tno. Jones as Overseer of the Tr. Servants 

5. To Tho. Christie, Recorder 1 qur. only 

6. To Saml. Mercer 1. Constable 

7. To Robt. Potter, Constable 1 qur. only 

Carry 'd over 

41. 5. 4 

112. 3. 3 
7.11. 2 
9.14.11 
1. 7. 2 
3. 6. 2 

8. 1. 

54. 6. 8 

44. 6. 8 

44. 6. 8 

30. 0. 0 

5. 0. 0 

10. 0. 0 

2.10. 0 

190.10. 0 947.11.10§r 

 ?4c (144) 

Not provided 
for in the Particulars Totals 
Estimate 

8. 

9- 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15- 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 

21. 

22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

To 
at 

To 

To 

To 

To 

To 

To 

To 

To 

To 

To 

to 

To 

To 

To 

Brought Over 

Andrew Duchee 2d. Constable of Savanah 
10 L p_ ann. 5 Months 20 days 

Jo. Burton Ty thing Man 

Edwd. Jenkins 

Elisha Foster 

Ja. Papot 

Walter Fox 

Peter Morell 

Jo. Lindal 

Adrian Loyer 

Will. Meers 

Tho. Salter 

Jo. Sellier ^ 

Ja. Campbell 1 

Tho. Ellis % 

Saml. Parker 5 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

year to Lady day 1?40 

M. 7 days to 6 Novbr. 

year to Michs. 1740 

M. 20 days to Michs. 1?40 

5. 

5. 

5- 

5. 

5. 

5. 

3. 

3. 

5. 

5. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

10. 

10. 

10. 

7. 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

To Jo. Giovanoli, chief Gardiner in the 
Trust Garden 1 year endg. Michs. 1?40 

To 

To 

Jo. Clark, Pylot 

at Tybee 1 year 

190.10. 
4.15. 

5. 

5. 

3. 

3. 

3. 

5. 

5. 

5. 

3. 

3. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

20. 

12. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

0. 

10, 

10. 

10. 

7. 

0. 

0. 

o 947.11.10^ 
5 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

0 

Luc% Mouse publick Midwife 1 year 5.0.0 

and laying Mrs. Ledesma 5*0 

26. To Phil. Bishop Schoolmastr. at Ebenezer 
1 year 

27. To Saml. Parker & Tho. Baily, repairing 
Militia Arms 

15* 5. o 

5. o. o 

4. 5. 4 

 ?4d (144) 

Not provided 

for in the Particulars Totals 

Estimate 

28. To Col. William Stephens, as Secrety. of 
the Province 

1 years Sallary to Michs. 1?40 100. 0.0 iRR m n 

& for a clerk 3/4 of a year 18.15.0 ?* ^. 418. 7.11 

4. To the Widow Vandeplsnk by particular Allowance-.. 4t3&x:x$!xi± 

"""-- 12.13. 4 

5. To the church at Savanah, viz. 

1. Candles 2. 4.6 

2. Wine 18.0 12. 6.10 
3- Repair of the Parsons house 9. 4.4 

6. To Execution of Justice, prison &c viz. 

1. Provision for prisoners 6. 4.10^) 

"^ 

2. Petty Expences, as taking Runaways, ) 
Sumong. Jurys &c. 4. 6. 2 ) 

) 

3. A years Allowance to Mr. Dean, ) 

Sweepg. the jayl 8. 6. 2 ) 36.14. % 

4. To Jo. Campbell jaylor at 20 t p ann. ) 

by Col. Oglethorpes order unknown to ) 

the Trustees 20.0.0 9* 9*11- ) 

5. To Tho. Ellis, who acted in his absence 8. 6. 8 ) 

7. 6. To Entertainment of Indians 105.16. 8 

8. To Trust Cattle viz. 

1. Provision for people at Work at Ebenezar 

Cowpen 27. ?. 0 ) 

2. A years allowance to Jos. Barker the ) 

Pindar there 24.12. 7 ) 

3. A month* s Service of Jo. Mellidge there 2. 0. 0 ) 6l .18. 7 

4. To Jo. Lindal, Pindar at Savannah 2.19. 0 ) 

5- To Hen. Parker for taking care of 84 Steers ) 

on Hope Island, by Agreemt. of Col.Og^ethorpe 5* 0. 0 ) 

9. To Sickness, & relief of Trust Servants 14.15. 4^ 

10. To Schoolmaster at Savanah 1 year endg. Michs. 1740 0. 0. 0 

11. To expended on the Orphans 12.10. 4^ 

1622.15. 2-3/4 

 (145) 

Not provided Allowance p_ 
for in the Particulars Totals Estimate 
Estimate 

Brought Over 
12. Silk Manufacture, viz. 

1. Provisions to Camuch's family 

2. Cartage for wood 

3. Petty incidental charges 

Total of payments On the years Estimate 
ending Michs. 1?40, as far as belong'd 
to the Northern division of the Province 

1622.13. 2-3/4 

74.19.11) 

3. 8. o) 79. 4. 6 
16. 7) 

1701.19. 8-3/4 

Other payments made belonging to the year 
ending Michlems. 1739 

1. To Col. Will. Stephens 1 quartr. from Midsumr. 
to Michlemass 1739 

2. To Ja. Harbersham^ Sallary, as Schoolmaster 
at Spvanah to Christmass 1739 

3. To Do. 1 years Sallary as Parish Clerk at 
Savanah, endg. Christmass 1739 

4. To Premium paid on 103 pound weight of 
Silk balls at 4 Shillings p_ pound, in the 
year ending Michlemass 1739 

25. 0. 0 ) 
) 

2.10. 0 ) 
) 
) 

1. 5. o ) 

) 

) 

20.12. 0 ) 

49. ?. 0 

NB. Mr. Tho. Jones Sent 400 t to Mr. Frp. 
Moore at Frederica towards discharging 
the Estimated Expences of the Southern 
division. 

This Acct. was Sign'd by Mr. Tho. Jones, 
& Col. William Stephens 11 July 1?41. 

 74 (142) 

and Yours with all my other Friends to the Divine Protection 

I am 

&c. Signed. 

Thomas Jones. 
To his Worthy Friend 
Mr. John Lyde 

(146) Reed. 8. April l?4l 

L S State of the Province of 

Georgia in the Year 1?40. 10th. Novbr. 

Coppy 

The Province of Georgia, lies from the most Northern Stream of 
the River Savannah (the mouth of which is in the Latitude of 32 Deg.) 
along the sea Coast, to the most Southern Stream of the Altamahah (the 
mouth of which is 30jg- Deg.) and Westward from the heads of the said 
Rivers, respectively in direct Lines to the South Seas. 

This Province was part of South Carolina; but the Eastern and 
Southern part of it, Inhabited by the Creek Indians; the Northern by 
the Cherokees and Chickesaws; the Western by the Chactahs; the $3at 
Blew Mouths; and other Indians Nations, to the South Sea: The Creek 
Indians, who always acknowledged the King of England for their 
Sovereign, yet made War with the people of Carolina, to obtain Satis 
faction for Injurys done by their pedling Traders: The War was 

 75 (146) 

concluded by a Peace; which Obliged the people of Carolina not to 
Settle beyond the River Savannah; and no Englishman was Settled within 
this District, that we know of, when the first Colony of Georgia 
arrived. The Country was then all Covered with Woods; Mr. Oglethorpe 
agreed with the Indians, and purchased of them the Limits mentioned in 
the Treaty. 

The Town of Savannah was laid out, and began (14?) to be built; 
In which are now 142 houses, and good Habitable Butts. The Soil in 
general, when cleared, is productive of Indian Corn, Rice, Pease, 
Potatoes, Pumpions, Melons; and many other kinds of GoureLs, in great 
Quantitys; Wheat, Oats, Barly, and other European Grains, tis found by 
divers Experiments may be propagated in many parts (more Especially in 
the Uplands towards Augusta) with Success. Mulberry trees and Vines, 
agree Exceeding veil with the Soil and Climate; and so does the 
Annual Cotton, whereof large Quantities ha